Observational studyEuropean journal of public health2021
Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases in non-Italian nationals notified to the Italian surveillance system.
Observational study in European journal of public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- An Ecological Study on the Mortality Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic According to Country Development Status and Pandemic Years.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- COVID-19 among migrants, refugees, and internally displaced persons: systematic review, meta-analysis and qualitative synthesis of the global empirical literature.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- COVID-19 hospitalization, mortality and pre-mature mortality by a history of immigration in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Vaccine Hesitancy among Immigrants: A Narrative Review of Challenges, Opportunities, and Lessons Learned.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Article
- Lessons learnt from the implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme in the Southwest of England.PloS one · 2024Article
- The incidence of COVID-19-related hospitalisation in migrants in the UK: Findings from the Virus Watch prospective community cohort study.Journal of migration and health · 2024Article
- Have immigrant children been left behind in COVID-19 testing rates? - A quantitative study in the Lisbon metropolitan area between march 2020 and may 2023.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Covid-19 vaccination among migrants in Rome, Italy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- COVID-19 among undocumented migrants admitted to French intensive care units during the 2020-2021 period: a retrospective nationwide study.Annals of intensive care · 2023Article
- Disparities between Latinx migrants and Spanish natives in COVID-19 outcome in Madrid.Pathogens and global health · 2023Article
- Socio-Economic Factors Associated with Ethnic Disparities in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Hospitalization.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Increasing COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage for Newcomer Communities: The Importance of Disaggregation by Language.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Central and Eastern European migrant worker status, co-living situation and SARS-CoV-2 exposure and transmission risk.European journal of public health · 2023Article
- Ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 infection, hospitalisation, intensive care admission, and death: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of over 200 million study participants.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- Managing the unexpected: Bicultural identity integration during the COVID-19 emergency.International journal of intercultural relations : IJIR · 2023Article
- Risk of Covid-19 Severe Outcomes and Mortality in Migrants and Ethnic Minorities Compared to the General Population in the European WHO Region: a Systematic Review.Journal of international migration and integration · 2023Article
- Migration background and COVID-19 related intensive care unit admission and mortality in the Netherlands: A cohort study.PloS one · 2023Article
- The Consequences of COVID-19 Disruption on Sustainable Economy in the Top 30 High-Tech Innovative Countries.Global journal of flexible systems management · 2023Article
- Developing a Strategy for COVID-19 Control Among Hard-to-Reach Migrant Communities: The Experience of Roma 2 Local Health Authority.International journal of public health · 2023Article
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20 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundInternational literature suggests that disadvantaged groups are at higher risk of morbidity and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection due to poorer living/working conditions and barriers to healthcare access. Yet, to date, there is no evidence of this disproportionate impact on non-national individuals, including economic migrants, short-term travellers and refugees.
methodsWe analyzed data from the Italian surveillance system of all COVID-19 laboratory-confirmed cases tested positive from the beginning of the outbreak (20th of February) to the 19th of July 2020. We used multilevel negative-binomial regression models to compare the case fatality and the rate of admission to hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) between Italian and non-Italian nationals. The analysis was adjusted for differences in demographic characteristics, pre-existing comorbidities, and period of diagnosis.
resultsWe analyzed 213 180 COVID-19 cases, including 15 974 (7.5%) non-Italian nationals. We found that, compared to Italian cases, non-Italian cases were diagnosed at a later date and were more likely to be hospitalized {[adjusted rate ratio (ARR)=1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33-1.44]} and admitted to ICU (ARR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.07-1.32), with differences being more pronounced in those coming from countries with lower human development index (HDI). We also observed an increased risk of death in non-Italian cases from low-HDI countries (ARR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.01-1.75).
conclusionsA delayed diagnosis in non-Italian cases could explain their worse outcomes compared to Italian cases. Ensuring early access to diagnosis and treatment to non-Italians could facilitate the control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and improve health outcomes in all people living in Italy, regardless of nationality.
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