ArticleParasite (Paris, France)2021
Molecular prevalence, characterization and associated risk factors of Anaplasma spp. and Theileria spp. in small ruminants in Northern Pakistan.
Article in Parasite (Paris, France), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Geographical epidemiology of Hyalomma anatolicum and Rhipicephalus microplus in Pakistan: A systematic review.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Vector-Borne Hemopathogens in Goats: Molecular Identification and Genetic Diversity in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.Veterinary medicine international · 2026Article
- Microscopic and molecular detection ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Theileria lestoquardi and malignant theileriosis in small ruminants: an updated review.Tropical animal health and production · 2025Review
- Article
- Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of Anaplasma and Theileria spp. in Pakistani sheep.PloS one · 2025Article
- Genetic diversity and prevalence of emerging Rickettsiales in Yunnan Province: a large-scale study.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2024Article
- Molecular detection and characterization of Anaplasma ovis, Theileria ovis, and Theileria lestoquardi in sheep and goats in Luxor, Egypt.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Article
- Molecular Epidemiology, Seasonality and Phylogenetic Investigations ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Molecular identification and genetic characterization of Theileria and Anaplasma infection in sheep and goat of North Gujarat, India.Parasitology research · 2023Article
- Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Characterization ofVeterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- First Molecular Identification ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Goats from the Southern Part of Thailand.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases in small ruminants in Pakistan: Current knowledge and future perspectives.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2022Review
- Molecular evidence, risk factors analysis, and hematological alterations associated withIranian journal of veterinary research · 2022Article
- Anaplasma ovis infection in sheep from Iran: molecular prevalence, associated risk factors, and spatial clustering.Tropical animal health and production · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study was conducted in four districts (Malakand, Swat, Bajaur and Shangla) of Northern Pakistan to investigate the prevalence, associated risk factors and phylogenetic analyses of Theileria and Anaplasma species in small ruminants. A total of 800 blood samples, 200 from each district, were collected from apparently healthy animals. PCR assays were performed using generic primers for Anaplasma spp. and Theileria spp. as well as species specific primers for A. ovis and T. ovis. Overall infection prevalence was 361/800 (45.1%). Theileria spp. infection prevalence (187/800, 23.3%) was higher than Anaplasma spp. (174/800, 21.7%). Amplified partial 18S rRNA genes were sequenced and enrolled animals were found to be infected by T. ovis (115/800, 14.3%), and at least two more Theileria species (72/800, 9%) were present (T. lestoquardi and T. annulata). All blood samples that were found to be positive for Anaplasma spp. were also positive for A. ovis. Infection prevalence was higher in sheep (227/361, 28.3%) compared to goats (134/361, 16.6%) (p < 0.005). Univariable analysis of risk factors showed that host, age, grazing system and acaricide treatment were significant determinants (p < 0.05) for both Theileria and Anaplasma infections. Multivariable analysis revealed that host, sex, age, tick infestation and grazing system were significant risk factors (p < 0.005) for both pathogens. Phylogenetic analysis revealed variants among the A. ovis and T. annulata samples analysed, indicating that different genotypes are circulating in the field while T. ovis presented the same genotype for the samples analysed.
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