ReviewTherapeutic advances in psychopharmacology2020
New psychoactive substances: a review and updates.
Review in Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 110 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Exploring the Impact of Chirality of Synthetic Cannabinoids and Cathinones: A Systematic Review on Enantioresolution Methods and Enantioselectivity Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- New Psychoactive Substances Toxicity: A Systematic Review of Acute and Chronic Psychiatric Effects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Latent Classes of Substance Use in Young Adult Survivors of Child Maltreatment and Adversity: A 20-Year Prospective Investigation.Child maltreatment · 2026Article
- "Cannabis Green Wave" versus "Nicotine Freeze": the regulatory paradox of cannabis liberalization and nicotine prohibition.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Beyond total BDNF: The proBDNF/mBDNF balance in substance use disorders.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Review
- In-silico toxicity study of tryptamine, psilocin, psilocybin, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, 5'-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and O-acetylpsilocin.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Psychoactive and Neurobiological Effects of Ketamine in Humans: A Scoping Review of Clinical Evidence.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Accuracy of Patient-Reported Exposure to New Psychoactive Substances and Other Illicit Drugs in Australian Emergency Departments: Findings From the Emerging Drugs Network of Australia.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Review
- Explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI) for 5-HTMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Recognising intoxication in healthcare: evidence, challenges, and implications.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Review
- Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Kidney Injury after Use of 3-Methyl-PCP: A Case Report.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2026Article
- Functional-based forensic surveillance: Leveraging PET and PET/MR imaging for the strategic screening of new psychoactive substances.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2026Article
- Surveillance of Phenibut in Wastewater During a Brazilian Carnival.Drug testing and analysis · 2026Article
- Mapping the unknown: an anchor-based molecular networking workflow for comprehensive identification of new psychoactive substances and analogues.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Article
- Predicting affinity and potency of new psychoactive substances at cannabinoid 1 receptor with explainable artificial intelligence.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Toxicological findings in suspected drugging incidents in Denmark from 2022 - 2024.Forensic toxicology · 2026Article
- In vitro metabolic fate of 1-[3-(trimethylsilyl)propanoyl] lysergic acid diethylamide (1S-LSD), a silicon-containing LSD analog.Forensic toxicology · 2026Article
- Persistent neuropsychiatric dysfunction following chronic tiletamine-containing e-cigarette use: a case report.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
New psychoactive substances (NPS) are a heterogeneous group of substances. They are associated with a number of health and social harms on an individual and societal level. NPS toxicity and dependence syndromes are recognised in primary care, emergency departments, psychiatric inpatient and community care settings. One pragmatic classification system is to divide NPS into one of four groups: synthetic stimulants, synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic hallucinogens and synthetic depressants (which include synthetic opioids and benzodiazepines). We review these four classes of NPS, including their chemical structures, mechanism of action, modes of use, intended intoxicant effects, and their associated physical and mental health harms. The current challenges faced by laboratory testing for NPS are also explored, in the context of the diverse range of NPS currently available, rate of production and emergence of new substances, the different formulations, and methods of acquisition and distribution.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.