Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33414070›Full record

ReviewTrends in molecular medicine2021

Avoiding a Sticky Situation: Bypassing the Mucus Barrier for Improved Local Drug Delivery.

Hannah C Zierden, Aditya Josyula, Rachel L Shapiro, Henry T Hsueh, Justin Hanes, Laura M Ensign

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Trends in molecular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Optimizing genetic engineering approaches for protein loading into bacterial extracellular vesicles for vaginal drug delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Drug Delivery Technologies for the Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Functional rescue of F508del-CFTR through revertant mutations introduced by CRISPR base editing.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Nanomedicine for Maternal and Fetal Health.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Hannah C ZierdenCenter for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Aditya JosyulaCenter for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Rachel L ShapiroCenter for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Henry T HsuehCenter for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Justin HanesCenter for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Laura M EnsignCenter for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Departments Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: lensign@jhmi.edu.
Johns Hopkins University · USJohns Hopkins Medicine · USSidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center · US

Funding

Tissue pharmacology imaging and modelingU19AI113127 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI MCGOWAN, IAN MICHAEL · 2014 to 2018
$20.7M
Nanomedicine approaches for prevention of inflammation-induced preterm birthR01HD103124 · NICHD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI BURD, IRINA, ENSIGN, LAURA · 2021 to 2025
$3.3M
Sustained-release of novel neuroprotective agents for treatment of glaucomaR01EY026578 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ENSIGN, LAURA · 2016 to 2020
$2.0M
New Inhalation Therapy for COPDR01HL136617 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI NEPTUNE, ENID R, SUK, JUNG SOO · 2017 to 2020
$1.6M
A novel hypotonic gelling eye drop for topical treatment of retinal degenerative diseasesR01EY031041 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI CAMPOCHIARO, PETER A, ENSIGN, LAURA · 2020 to 2023
$1.6M
Mucus-Penetrating Nanoparticle Containing Enemas for Ulcerative ColitisR01DK107806 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ENSIGN, LAURA, HANES, JUSTIN S. · 2016 to 2019
$1.5M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY026578NEI NIH HHS R01 EY031041NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL136617NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI113127NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD103124NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK107806
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The efficacy of drugs administered by traditional routes is limited by numerous biological barriers that preclude reaching the intended site of action. Further, full body systemic exposure leads to dose-limiting, off-target side effects. Topical formulations may provide more efficacious drug and nucleic acid delivery for diseases and conditions affecting mucosal tissues, but the mucus protecting our epithelial surfaces is a formidable barrier. Here, we describe recent advances in mucus-penetrating approaches for drug and nucleic acid delivery to the ocular surface, the female reproductive tract, the gastrointestinal tract, and the airways.

Indexed as

Administration, TopicalMucusNanoparticlesAdministration, IntravaginalAdministration, OphthalmicAnimalsDrug Administration RoutesDrug Delivery SystemsEpithelial CellsFemaleGastrointestinal TractHumansMucous MembraneNanomedicinedrug deliverymucoadhesivemucoinertmucusmucus penetratingnanomedicine

Identifiers

PMID33414070
PMCPMC8087626
OpenAlexW3119326079

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.