ArticleHealth and quality of life outcomes2021
The English and Chinese language versions of the Short Form 12-item Health Survey are equivalent.
Article in Health and quality of life outcomes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effectiveness of a Telecare-Based Intervention Program in Supporting Informal Caregivers of Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Reducing Stress Levels: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Trial
- Health and social challenges faced by rare disease patients in Hong Kong: a cross-sectional study.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2026Article
- Balance impairment as a central correlate of falls, short sleep, and physical health in community-dwelling adults.BMC public health · 2026Observational
- Latent profile analysis of quality of life in patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery and its perioperative risk factors.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
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- Patient and Public Involvement in Action: Shaping an Intergenerational Engagement Intervention in a Long-Term Care Facility in China.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Quality of life and outcomes in patients undergoing endoscopic papillectomyWorld journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Article
- Psychometric assessment of the translated and culturally adapted Chinese (Cantonese) of the brief memory and executive test in people with stroke.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2025Article
- The relationship between psychological resilience and quality of life among primary caregivers of cancer patients: the mediating role of care burden and the moderating role of social support.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
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- Multiphase optimization of a multicomponent intervention for informal dementia caregivers: a study protocol.Trials · 2023Article
- Average and individual differences between the 12-item MOS Short-form Health Survey version 2 (SF-12 V.2) and the veterans RAND 12-item Health Survey (VR-12) in the Chinese population.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2022Article
- Fatigue have impact on the sexual problems in Chinese females with systemic lupus erythematosus.BMC women's health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Short Form 12-item Health Survey (SF-12v2) was originally developed in English, but it is also available in Hong Kong (HK) Chinese. While both language versions had their measurement properties well assessed in their respective populations, their measurement invariance in scores has not been examined. Therefore, we aimed to assess their measurement invariance.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on individuals aged 18 years or older at a university campus. Those who were bilingual in English and Chinese were randomly assigned to self-complete either the standard English or the HK Chinese SF-12v2. Measurement invariance of the two components and eight scales of the SF-12v2 was concluded if the corresponding 90% confidence interval (CI) for the difference between the two language versions entirely fell within the minimal clinically important difference of ± 3 units. Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was also performed.
resultsA total of 1013 participants completed the SF-12v2 (496 in English and 517 in HK Chinese), with a mean age of 22 years (Range 18-58), and 626 participants (62%) were female. There were no significant differences in demographics. Only the physical and mental components and the mental health (MH) scale had their 90% CIs (0.21 to 1.61, - 1.00 to 0.98, and - 0.86 to 2.84, respectively) completely fall within the ± 3 units. The multiple-group CFA showed partial strict invariance.
conclusionsThe English and HK Chinese versions of the SF-12v2 can be used in studies with their two components and MH scores pooled in the analysis.
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