ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021
Number of parity/live birth(s) and cardiovascular disease among Iranian women and men: results of over 15 years of follow-up.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex Differences in Atherosclerosis and its Clinical Complications.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Relationship between biological ageing, premature mortality, life expectancy, and number of live births: a prospective cohort study of the UK women.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Associations between live birth and cardiometabolic disease in Southwest Chinese women.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Article
- Child rearing or childbearing? Risk of cardiovascular diseases associated to parity and number of children.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Reproductive factors and cardiometabolic disease among middle-aged and older women: a nationwide study from CHARLS.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Sex-specific differences in cardiovascular risk factors and implications for cardiovascular disease prevention in women.Atherosclerosis · 2023Review
- The relationship between pregnancy count and duration of breast-feeding with metabolic syndrome (Fasa Persian cohort study).BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Parity and hypertension risk in couples: does number of parity matter: findings from Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Sex-Specific Reproductive Factors Augment Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Retinal Venule Coverage by Pericytes Decreases in Multiparous Mice in a Time-Dependent Manner Post-Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Progress so Far and Progress to Come.International journal of women's health · 2023Review
- Live birth/parity number and the risk of incident hypertension among parous women during over 13 years of follow-up.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Article
- The association of parity/live birth number with incident type 2 diabetes among women: over 15 years of follow-up in The Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.BMC women's health · 2021Article
- An effect of 24-hour temperature change on outpatient and emergency and inpatient visits for cardiovascular diseases in northwest China.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundMost previous studies conducted in non-Middle Eastern populations have suggested that an increase in the number of parity/live birth(s) leads to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, although their findings were inconclusive on this issue for both sexes. Biologic and socioeconomic pathways were suggested to explain this association. We studied this issue among urban Iranian men and women.
methodsIn this population-based cohort study, which included 3929 women and 2571 men aged ≥30 years, data for the number of parity/live birth(s) were obtained by a standard questionnaire. Participants were then annually followed for CVD events. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the number of parity/live birth(s) and other traditional CVD risk factors.
resultsDuring more than 15 years of follow-up, 456 and 524 CVD events have occurred among women and men, respectively. Among women, a J-shaped association was found between the number of live births and incident CVD with the lowest risk for women with two live births. Among women in multivariable analyses, each unit increase in parity had a HR of 1.05 (CI: 1.01-1.10), and having ≥4 parity was associated with a HR of 1.86 (0.97-3.56, p-value = 0.061). Among men, in comparison with participants who had 1 child, multivariable HRs of having 2, 3, and ≥ 4 children were 1.97 (1.24-3.12), 2.08 (1.31-3.31), and 2.08 (1.30-3.34), respectively.
conclusionTo the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first report on this issue in the Middle East and North Africa region, a region with a high burden of CVD. It can now be suggested that the number of parity/live birth(s) is linked to CVD among the Iranian population, with this issue being more prominent among men. Further research is needed to support our results and clarify the pathways between the number of parity/live birth(s) and CVD development among Iranian populations by considering potential risk factors, especially psycho-socio-economic risk factors.
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