ArticleBMC molecular and cell biology2021
New genotypes of Helicobacter Pylori VacA d-region identified from global strains.
Article in BMC molecular and cell biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Research Status and Prospects ofGastroenterology research and practice · 2026Review
- Genotypic diversity of theJournal of medical microbiology · 2025Article
- Review
- There Are No Insurmountable Barriers: Passage of theMembranes · 2023Review
- Study of vacuolating cytotoxin A (vacA) genotypes of ulcerogenic and non-ulcerogenic strains ofSaudi journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
- Study ofCancers · 2023Article
- A Genetic and Immunohistochemical Analysis of Helicobacter pylori Phenotypes and p27 Expression in Adenocarcinoma Patients in Jordan.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2023Article
- Review
- Oxidative Products of Curcumin Rather Than Curcumin Bind toMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Biomarker Characterization and Prediction of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance fromBiomolecules · 2022Review
- Article
- Increased Risk of Severe Gastric Symptoms by Virulence FactorsJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPathogenesis of Helicobacter Pylori (HP) vacuolating toxin A (vacA) depends on polymorphic diversity within the signal (s), middle (m), intermediate (i), deletion (d) and c-regions. These regions show distinct allelic diversity. The s-region, m-region and the c-region (a 15 bp deletion at the 3'-end region of the p55 domain of the vacA gene) exist as 2 types (s1, s2, m1, m2, c1 and c2), while the i-region has 3 allelic types (i1, i2 and i3). The locus of d-region of the vacA gene has also been classified into 2 genotypes, namely d1 and d2. We investigated the "d-region"/"loop region" through bioinformatics, to predict its properties and relation to disease. One thousand two hundred fifty-nine strains from the NCBI nucleotide database and the dryad database with complete vacA sequences were included in the study. The sequences were aligned using BioEdit and analyzed using Lasergene and BLAST. The secondary structure and physicochemical properties of the region were predicted using PredictProtein.
resultsWe identified 31 highly polymorphic genotypes in the "d-region", with a mean length of 34 amino acids (9 ~ 55 amino acids). We further classified the 31 genotypes into 3 main types, namely K-type (strains starting with the KDKP motif in the "d-region"), Q-type (strains starting with the KNQT motif), and E-type (strains starting with the ESKT motif) respectively. The most common type, K-type, is more prevalent in cancer patients (80.87%) and is associated with the s1i1m1c1 genotypes (P < .01). Incidentally, a new region expressing sequence diversity (2 aa deletion) at the C-terminus of the p55 domain of vacA was identified during bioinformatics analysis.
conclusionsPrediction of secondary structures shows that the "d-region" adopts a loop conformation and is a disordered region.
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