ReviewBrain research2021
Astrocytes in heavy metal neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration.
Review in Brain research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic effects of different exercise types on brain activity in healthy older adults and those with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Pooled it
- Cumulative and Interactive Effects of Heavy Metal Mixtures Across Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Comparative Review of Alzheimer, Parkinson, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Review
- Parkinson-PEST: protocol for a case-control study on environmental risk factors and Parkinson's disease.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Hexavalent Chromium Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Neurons and Astrocytes via MAPK Pathway Activation.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- The Effects of Lead, Cadmium and Arsenic Exposure Alone or in Combination on Neurotoxicity Through Neural Signaling Pathways.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Synchrotron XRF Imaging Reveals Manganese Accumulation in the Golgi and Post-Synapses of Neurons and Enhanced Uptake in Astrocytes.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Curing the brain: in search for new astrocyte-specific therapies.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammatory profiles and cellular localization of TNF-α associated with chronic vanadium neurotoxicity.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Combined Manganese-Iron Exposure Reduced Oxidative Stress is Associated with the NRF2/NQO1 Pathway in Astrocytic C8-D1A Cells.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Cell type transcriptomic modules reveal shared molecular mechanisms in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.GigaScience · 2026Article
- Metallothioneins in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Metal Homeostasis, Autoimmunity, and Therapeutic Potential.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Role of gut microbiota in lead-induced neural damage in diabetic mice.World journal of diabetes · 2026Article
- Cholinergic Phenotypes of Acetyl-CoA with ATP-Citrate Lyase Link.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Developmental lead (pb) exposure induces anxiety and depression-like behaviorsCurrent research in toxicology · 2026Article
- Investigating Nickel-Induced Neurotoxicity: Associations with Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Ferroptosis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Neuron-Glia Crosstalk in the Regulation of Astrocytic Antioxidative Mechanisms Following CNS Injury.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Glymphatic System Dysregulation as a Key Contributor to Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Environmental toxins in neurodegeneration - a narrative review.Neurological research and practice · 2025Review
- Aptamer-Based Biosensors for Rapid Detection and Early Warning of Food Contaminants: From Selection to Field Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients Show Higher Urinary Levels of Lead and Copper: A Pilot Case-Control Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
With the industrial development and progressive increase in environmental pollution, the mankind overexposure to heavy metals emerges as a pressing public health issue. Excessive intake of heavy metals, such as arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), aluminium (Al), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), bismuth (Bi), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe), is neurotoxic and it promotes neurodegeneration. Astrocytes are primary homeostatic cells in the central nervous system. They protect neurons against all types of insults, in particular by accumulating heavy metals. However, this makes astrocytes the main target for heavy metals neurotoxicity. Intake of heavy metals affects astroglial homeostatic and neuroprotective cascades including glutamate/GABA-glutamine shuttle, antioxidative machinery and energy metabolism. Deficits in these astroglial pathways facilitate or even instigate neurodegeneration. In this review, we provide a concise outlook on heavy metal-induced astrogliopathies and their association with major neurodegenerative disorders. In particular, we focus on astroglial mechanisms of iron-induced neurotoxicity. Iron deposits in the brain are detected in main neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Accumulation of iron in the brain is associated with motor and cognitive impairments and iron-induced histopathological manifestations may be considered as the potential diagnostic biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases. Effective management of heavy metal neurotoxicity can be regarded as a potential strategy to prevent or retard neurodegenerative pathologies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.