ArticlePloS one2021
Higher pulse frequency of near-infrared laser irradiation increases penetration depth for novel biomedical applications.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review via text mining approaches of human and veterinary applications of photobiomodulation: focus on multiwave locked system laser therapy.Lasers in medical science · 2025Pooled it
- The Role of Photobiomodulation to Modulate Ion Channels in the Nervous System: A Systematic Review.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2024Pooled it
- Photobiomodulation for autonomic rebalancing in myocardial infarction prevention.Lasers in medical science · 2026Review
- Dynamic Silk Fibroin Hydrogels for Programmable Bioactuation and Smart Shape Deformation: Mechanisms, Performance Evaluation, and Biomedical Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Strategic selection of multi-parametric laser settings and clinical endpoints in dermatology: an engineering-to-clinical review.Lasers in medical science · 2026Review
- Testicular Photohyperthermia Mediated by Magnetic Nanoparticles: Implications for Male Fertility Control.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Enhancing second harmonic generation-mediated photodynamic therapy via external electric field modulation.PloS one · 2026Article
- Therapeutic mechanisms and applications of 808 nm laser irradiation: from wound healing to neurological recovery - a review.Lasers in medical science · 2025Review
- UV-cure hydrogels for cardiac regeneration: a comprehensive review.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Comparison of the effects of continuous and pulsed blue light for reduction of Enterococcus faecalis biofilms.Lasers in medical science · 2025Article
- Effects of Photobiomodulation on Osteoarthritis from In Vivo and In Vitro Studies: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Near-Infrared and Sono-Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy of Prostate Cancer Cells Using Phyto-Second Harmonic Generation Nanoconjugates.Polymers · 2025Article
- Nanosecond Laser Pulses Facilitating Efficient and Specific Cell Killing with Doxorubicin-Loaded Gold Nanoparticles Targeted to the Folate Receptor.Small science · 2025Article
- Near-Infrared Light Photodynamic Therapy with PEI-Capped Up-Conversion Nanoparticles and Chlorin e6 Induces Apoptosis of Oral Cancer Cells.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2024Article
- Harnessing the power of thermosensitive liposomes with gold nanoprisms and silica for controlled drug delivery in combined chemotherapy and phototherapy.RSC advances · 2024Article
- Phyto-Photodynamic Therapy of Prostate Cancer Cells Mediated by Yemenite 'Etrog' Leave Extracts.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Dosimetry in cranial photobiomodulation therapy: effect of cranial thickness and bone density.Lasers in medical science · 2024Article
- Comparison of the Penetration Depth of 905 nm and 1064 nm Laser Light in Surface Layers of Biological Tissue Ex Vivo.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Article
- Bioimaging with Upconversion Nanoparticles.Advanced photonics research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe clinical efficiency of laser treatments is limited by the low penetration of visible light used in certain procedures like photodynamic therapy (PDT). Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) PDT is an innovative technique to overcome this limitation that enables the use of Near Infrared (NIR) light instead of visible light. NIR frequency bands present an optical window for deeper penetration into biological tissue. In this research, we compare the penetration depths of 405 and 808 nm continuous wave (CW) lasers and 808 nm pulsed wave (PW) laser in two different modes (high and low frequency).
methodsIncreasing thicknesses of beef and chicken tissue samples were irradiated under CW and PW lasers to determine penetration depths.
resultsThe 808 nm CW laser penetrates 2.3 and 2.4 times deeper than the 405 nm CW laser in beef and chicken samples, respectively. 808 nm PW (pulse frequency-500 Hz) penetrates deeper than CW laser at the same wavelength. Further, increasing the pulse frequency achieves higher penetration depths. High frequency 808 nm PW (pulse frequency-71.4 MHz) penetrates 7.4- and 6.0-times deeper than 405 nm CW laser in chicken and beef, respectively.
conclusionsThe results demonstrate the higher penetration depths of high frequency PW laser compared to low frequency PW laser, CW laser of the same wavelength and CW laser with half the wavelength. The results indicate that integrating SHG in the PDT process along with pulsed NIR light may allow the treatment of 6-7 times bigger tumours than conventional PDT using blue light.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.