ArticlePloS one2021
Validating International Classification of Disease 10th Revision algorithms for identifying influenza and respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Relative Effectiveness of Cell-Cultured versus Egg-Based Seasonal Influenza Vaccines in Preventing Influenza-Related Outcomes in Subjects 18 Years Old or Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Expenditures attributable to infant lower respiratory tract infection due to respiratory syncytial virus in the US: A real-world study using the PharMetrics Plus Database, 2015-2023.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Exploring the Relationship Between Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Asthma Using Calendar Time at Birth as a Source of Quasi-Random Variation.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2026Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Effectiveness Among US Older Adults, 2023-2024 Season.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Respiratory syncytial virus in adults aged ≥ 50 years in France: a database and time-series modelling analysis (2014-2020).Infection · 2026Observational
- Respiratory syncytial virus infections and myocardial injury: the GEMINI Initiative.European heart journal · 2026Article
- Post-COVID-19 Burden of Severe Influenza in England Among Overall Population and High-Risk Groups: Results From the INFORM Study, 2022-2023.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Emergency Department Syndromic Surveillance Diagnostic Code Selection for Assessing Severity of Seasonal Influenza in New South Wales, Australia.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Reconstructing severe acute respiratory infection dynamics from ICD-10 hospital discharge data: a 10-year analysis of 11.2 million discharges in Ecuador, 2014-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- National respiratory syncytial virus acute respiratory infection burden of disease estimate in Mexican children under 2 years.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalization Among Adults in Ontario, Canada, 2017-2019.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Estimating the incidence of autoimmune inflammatory arthritis after Lyme disease.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2025Article
- The Impact of Pulmonary Hypertension on Hospitalization Risk in Adults with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Nirsevimab Administration and RSV Hospitalization in the 2024-2025 Season.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-Related Hospitalization and Increased Rate of Cardiovascular Events in Older Adults.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Article
- Pediatric Acute Respiratory Virus Hospitalizations: A Population-Based Cohort Study, 2017-2024.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Surveillance of severe acute respiratory infections associated with SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus and RSV using ICD-10 codes: a case definition accuracy study across five European countries, 2021 to 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Oseltamivir Treatment vs Supportive Care for Seasonal Influenza Requiring Hospitalization.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) as a Secondary Diagnosis among Hospitalized Patients in Germany: Outcomes and Economic Burden.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Computable phenotypes to identify respiratory viral infections in the All of Us research program.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveRoutinely collected health administrative data can be used to efficiently assess disease burden in large populations, but it is important to evaluate the validity of these data. The objective of this study was to develop and validate International Classification of Disease 10th revision (ICD -10) algorithms that identify laboratory-confirmed influenza or laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations using population-based health administrative data from Ontario, Canada. STUDY DESIGN AND
settingInfluenza and RSV laboratory data from the 2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-17 and 2017-18 respiratory virus seasons were obtained from the Ontario Laboratories Information System (OLIS) and were linked to hospital discharge abstract data to generate influenza and RSV reference cohorts. These reference cohorts were used to assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the ICD-10 algorithms. To minimize misclassification in future studies, we prioritized specificity and PPV in selecting top-performing algorithms.
results83,638 and 61,117 hospitalized patients were included in the influenza and RSV reference cohorts, respectively. The best influenza algorithm had a sensitivity of 73% (95% CI 72% to 74%), specificity of 99% (95% CI 99% to 99%), PPV of 94% (95% CI 94% to 95%), and NPV of 94% (95% CI 94% to 95%). The best RSV algorithm had a sensitivity of 69% (95% CI 68% to 70%), specificity of 99% (95% CI 99% to 99%), PPV of 91% (95% CI 90% to 91%) and NPV of 97% (95% CI 97% to 97%).
conclusionWe identified two highly specific algorithms that best ascertain patients hospitalized with influenza or RSV. These algorithms may be applied to hospitalized patients if data on laboratory tests are not available, and will thereby improve the power of future epidemiologic studies of influenza, RSV, and potentially other severe acute respiratory infections.
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