ReviewPharmacoEconomics - open2021
High-Expenditure Disease in the EU-28: Does Drug Spend Correspond to Clinical and Economic Burden in Oncology, Autoimmune Disease and Diabetes?
Review in PharmacoEconomics - open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances of microneedle technology for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Development of Bispecific Antibody Targeting Human IL-17A and IL-6.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Price transparency of cancer medicines: a crucial step towards informed pricing negotiations in the European region.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Machine learning for precision diagnostics of autoimmunity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Is the Availability of Biosimilar Adalimumab Associated with Budget Savings? A Difference-in-Difference Analysis of 14 Countries.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2024Article
- Reduction of biologic pricing following biosimilar introduction: Analysis across 57 countries and regions, 2012-19.PloS one · 2024Article
- Pharmaco-Omics in Psoriasis: Paving the Way towards Personalized Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Does health technology assessment compromise access to pharmaceuticals?The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2023Article
- Changes in launch delay and availability of pharmaceuticals in 30 European markets over the past two decades.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDrug costs are increasing in Europe, and there is a heightened need to reduce pressure on healthcare systems. In 2017, oncology, autoimmune disease, and diabetes featured as the three highest therapy areas for drug spend in the EU-28. However, the absolute 1-year drug spend growth for diabetes did not feature within the ten fastest growing therapy areas.
objectiveThis study explores the association between drug spend and disease burden in oncology, autoimmune disease, and diabetes in the EU-28.
methodsOncology, autoimmune disease and diabetes therapeutic areas were investigated using four methodologies. Historical and forecasted drug spend was analysed using the IQVIA MIDAS
resultsOncology had the highest historical drug spend and growth compared with autoimmune disease and diabetes. Total drug spend and growth in oncology is forecasted to exceed diabetes by twofold. Increasing oncology drug spend historically did not correspond with reductions in mortality and morbidity. Diabetes had the lowest drug spend and greatest QALY/€1000 spent benefit.
conclusionThis study indicates that drug spend may not correlate to clinical burden across diseases. Future research could stimulate debate on whether more equitable drug funding may improve disease management.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.