Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33411080›Full record

ReviewCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2021

Immunologic factors involved in the malignant transformation of endometriosis to endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma.

S Leenen, M Hermens, P J de Vos van Steenwijk, R L M Bekkers, E M G van Esch

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Endometriosis and the Hallmarks of Cancer.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Endometriosis and autoimmunity.Autoimmunity reviews · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

S LeenenDepartment of Gynecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-2981
M HermensDepartment of Gynecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4994-4905
P J de Vos van SteenwijkDepartment of Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
R L M BekkersDepartment of Gynecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4577-8495
E M G van EschDepartment of Gynecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. edith.v.esch@catharinaziekenhuis.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7387-5922
Radboud University Nijmegen · NLMaastricht University Medical Centre · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionEndometriosis is a risk factor for low-grade serous, clear cell, and endometroid ovarian carcinoma. In both endometriosis and ovarian carcinoma, immunological factors are associated with clinical outcome. Chronic inflammation in endometriosis may be linked to tumorigenesis, but exact processes contributing to endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma remain unknown. This review aims to describe potential immunological factors involved in the malignant transformation of endometriosis into ovarian carcinoma.

methodsPubMed and Embase were searched from inception up to October 2020 for studies comparing immunological processes in endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma.

resultsDetailed analysis of immune components in the malignant transformation of endometriosis into endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma is lacking. Altered levels of chemokines and cytokines as IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α are reported and the function, number and polarization of NK cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes differ between endometriosis and associated ovarian carcinoma compared to healthy tissue. In addition, altered inflammasome and complement systems, indicate a role for the immune system in the carcinogenesis of endometriosis.

conclusionChronic inflammation in endometriosis may potentially drive inflammation-induced carcinogenesis in endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma. Exact immunological pathways and cellular processes remain unknown and require more thorough investigation.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell Transformation, NeoplasticEndometriosisFemaleHumansImmunologic FactorsOvarian NeoplasmsImmunologic FactorsCytokinesEndometriosisImmunologyMicroenvironmentOvarian carcinoma

Identifiers

PMID33411080
PMCPMC10992190
OpenAlexW3119446294

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.