ReviewFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2020
Sex Influence on Heart Failure Prognosis.
Review in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Discovering Distinct Phenotypical Clusters in Heart Failure Across the Ejection Fraction Spectrum: a Systematic Review.Current heart failure reports · 2023Pooled it
- Gender Distribution in Randomized Controlled Trials among Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review.Global heart · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical predictors of early post-discharge mortality in postmenopausal women with heart failure.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2025Article
- Impact of immigration on outcomes following acute decompensated heart failure: A retrospective cohort study.ESC heart failure · 2025Article
- Hormone Replacement Therapy and Cardiovascular Health in Postmenopausal Women.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Sex-based Differences in Heart Failure Biomarkers.Current heart failure reports · 2024Review
- Pregnancy, Reproductive Factors, and Female Heart Failure Risk and Outcomes.Current heart failure reports · 2024Review
- Italian Association of Hospital Cardiologists Position Paper 'Gender discrepancy: time to implement gender-based clinical management'.European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology · 2024Article
- Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Tachycardia Therapies: Past, Present and Future Directions.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
- Sex differences in clinical characteristics and long-term outcome in patients with heart failure: data from the KorAHF registry.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2024Article
- A matter of sex-persistent predictive value of MECKI score prognostic power in men and women with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: a multicenter study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Sudden Death in Men Versus Women with Heart Failure.Current heart failure reports · 2023Review
- Update on Management of Cardiovascular Diseases in Women.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Sex differences in the impact of frailty in elderly outpatients with heart failure.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- The Bioinformatical Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Heart Failure Diagnosis and Treatment.Genetics research · 2022Article
- Editorial: HFpEF and HFmrEF: Different Sides of the Same Coin?Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Time to Death and Its Determinant Factors Among Patients With Chronic Heart Failure in Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study at Selected Referral Hospitals.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- A retrospective cohort study on the association between early coagulation disorder and short-term all-cause mortality of critically ill patients with congestive heart failure.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- 5-HTT Deficiency in Male Mice Affects Healing and Behavior after Myocardial Infarction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Temporal trends in outcome and patient characteristics in dilated cardiomyopathy, data from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry 2003-2015.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) affects 1-2% of the population in developed countries and ~50% of patients living with it are women. Compared to men, women are more likely to be older and suffer hypertension, valvular heart disease, and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Since the number of women included in prospective HF studies has been low, much information regarding HF in women has been inferred from clinical trials observations in men and data obtained from registries. Several relevant sex-related differences in HF patients have been described, including biological mechanisms, age, etiology, precipitating factors, comorbidities, left ventricular ejection fraction, treatment effects, and prognosis. Women have greater clinical severity of HF, with more symptoms and worse functional class. However, females with HF have better prognosis compared to males. This survival advantage is particularly impressive given that women are less likely to receive guideline-proven therapies for HF than men. The reasons for this better prognosis are unknown but prior pregnancies may play a role. In this review article we aim to describe sex-related differences in HF and how these differences might explain why women with HF can expect to survive longer than men.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.