Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33408489›Full record

ArticleInfection and drug resistance2020

Beta-Haemolytic Group A, C and G Streptococcal Infections in Southern Hungary: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Survey (2008-2017) and a Review of the Literature.

Márió Gajdács, Marianna Ábrók, Andrea Lázár, Katalin Burián

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Emerging trends in invasiveEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Dominance of the ST20Microorganisms · 2026
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  4. Increase of macrolide resistance amongAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. The burden of group AiScience · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Frequency of Group APathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  9. Increasing Rate of FatalMicroorganisms · 2024
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Invasive beta-haemolytic streptococcal infections, Finland, 2006 to 2020: increase in Lancefield group C/G infections.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Epidemiological and Clinical Features ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Colonization of Group BPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Márió GajdácsDepartment of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged 6720, Hungary.
Marianna ÁbrókInstitute of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
Andrea LázárInstitute of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
Katalin BuriánInstitute of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
University of Szeged · HU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPyogenic β-hemolytic streptococci (including Group A, C and G

methodsIn this retrospective study, the epidemiological characteristics of invasive Group A (iGAS) and Group C and G (iGCGS) streptococci, along with tonsillo-pharyngitis-causing pGAS and pGCGS infections, were assessed in Southern Hungary. A total of 1554 cases of streptococcal tonsillo-pharyngitis infections (26.5-44.1/100,000 persons, pGAS: 95.5%; n=1484) and 1104 cases of invasive streptococcal infections were detected (12.5-31.4/100,000 persons, iGAS: 77.9%; n=861).

resultsThe average age of the affected patients in the various groups were the following: pGAS: 13.2±13.1 years, pGCGS: 21.0±15.0 years (p=0.039), iGAS: 49.1±12.8 years, iGCGS: 58.7±18.5 years (p>0.05). iGAS isolates originated from abscesses (47.1%), blood culture samples (24.1%), surgical samples (16.7%), biopsies (4.6%), pleural fluid (3.5%), pus (2.0%), synovial fluid (1.3%) and cerebrospinal fluid samples (0.7%). In contrast, iGCGS isolates mainly originated from blood culture samples (53.8%), abscesses (22.9%), surgical samples (12.3%), synovial fluid (5.1%), pleural fluid (3.7%), pus (1.8%) and cerebrospinal fluid samples (0.4%). All respective isolates were susceptible to benzyl-penicillin; overall resistance levels for erythromycin (10.5% for GAS, 21.4% for GCGS) and clindamycin (9.2% for GAS, 17.2% for GCGS) were significantly higher in GCGS isolates, while resistance levels for norfloxacin were higher in GAS isolates (13.5% for GAS, 6.9% for GCGS).

conclusionThe rates of resistance to macrolides and clindamycin are a cause for concern (especially among GCGS isolates); however, resistance levels are still relatively low, compared to Southern European countries.

Indexed as

antibioticsepidemiologygroup A Streptococcusgroup C Streptococcusgroup G StreptococcusHungaryStreptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilisStreptococcus pyogenes

Identifiers

PMID33408489
PMCPMC7781025
OpenAlexW3117313857

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.