ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2021
Urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio: a simple and useful indicator of diet quality in population-based studies.
Article in European journal of medical research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Association between urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and BNP in a general population without antihypertensive treatment and cardiovascular diseases: the Ohasama study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Trends in Urinary Sodium-to-Potassium Ratios in Koreans: Analysis of KNHANES 2016-2023 Data.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Metabolic risk factors, blood pressure and atherogenic indices of cardiovascular disease across different quartiles of dietary sodium to potassium ratio among young semi-professional athletes with overweight or obesity.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Effect of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on blood pressure indices and urinary metabolites in children with overweight and obesity: an 8-week triple-blind randomized controlled trial.Clinical hypertension · 2025Article
- Non-use of dentures after tooth loss is associated with elevated sodium/potassium ratios in older adults: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Article
- Association between urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio, elevated blood pressure phenotypes and microalbuminuria: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A traditional Korean fermented food,Heliyon · 2024Article
- Sodium Intake and Sodium to Potassium Ratio among New York City Adults in the 2018 Heart Follow-Up Study.Current developments in nutrition · 2024Article
- Using Genetics to Inform Interventions Related to Sodium and Potassium in Hypertension.Circulation · 2024Observational
- Association between sodium-to-potassium ratio in spot urine and hospitalization due to heart failure in high-risk Japanese patients.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2024Article
- Plant-based diets: a fad or the future of medical nutrition therapy for children with chronic kidney disease?Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Impact of growth, gonadal hormones, adiposity and the sodium-to-potassium ratio on longitudinal adolescent measures of blood pressure at puberty.Journal of human hypertension · 2023Article
- Does the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Promote Lower Sodium Urinary Excretion in Children?Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Dietary sodium to potassium ratio is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events: a longitudinal follow-up study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Novel low-sodium salt formulations combined with Chinese modified DASH diet for reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes: a clinical trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Distinct patterns of personalised dietary advice delivered by a metabotype framework similarly improve dietary quality and metabolic health parameters: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- High Adherence to Mediterranean Diet Is Not Associated with an Improved Sodium and Potassium Intake.Nutrients · 2021Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCurrent evidence regarding the prognostic relevance of urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio (Na-to-K ratio), as an indicator of diet quality is limited. This study was conducted to investigate whether urinary Na-to-K ratio could be related to habitual dietary patterns, in a general population.
methodsThis study was conducted in the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2014-2017) on 1864 adult men and women. Urinary Na and K concentrations were measured in the morning spot urine samples. Dietary intakes of the participants were assessed using a validated 147-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and major dietary patterns were obtained using principal component analysis. Mediterranean dietary pattern and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score, were also calculated. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression was used to indicate association of dietary patterns and urinary Na-to-K ratio.
resultsMean (± SD) age of participants was 43.7 ± 13.9 years and 47% were men. Mean (± SD) urinary Na, K and the ratio was 139 ± 41.0 and 57.9 ± 18.6 mmol/L, 2.40 ± 0.07, respectively. Higher urinary Na-to-K ratio (> 2.37 vs. < 1.49) was related to lower intakes of vegetables (282 vs. 321 g/day), low-fat dairy (228 vs. 260 g/day) and fruits (440 vs. 370 g/day). Western dietary pattern was related to higher urinary Na-to-K ratio (β = 0.06; 95% CI 0.01, 0.16). Traditional dietary pattern, Mediterranean and DASH diet scores were inversely associated with urinary Na-to-K ratio (β = - 0.14; 95% CI - 0.24, - 0.11, β = - 0.07; 95% CI - 0.09, - 0.01, β = - 0.12; 95% CI - 0.05, - 0.02, respectively).
conclusionsSpot urinary Na-to-K ratio may be used as a simple and inexpensive method to monitor diet quality in population-based epidemiological studies.
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