Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33407669›Full record

ArticleVirology journal2021

Characterization of four virulent Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriophages, and evaluation of their potential use in complex phage preparation.

Fedor Zurabov, Evgeniy Zhilenkov

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Virology journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
13.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Isolation and characterisation of a novel Stenotrophomonas maltophilia phage vB_SmaS_BCU-1 with evaluation of mammalian cell safety.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
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  9. Bacteriophage Therapy AgainstMicroorganisms · 2026
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  15. Isolation of Lytic Bacteriophages ofVeterinary sciences · 2025
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  16. HypervirulentPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
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  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Fedor ZurabovResearch and Production Center "MicroMir", LLC, Moscow, Russia. fmzurabov@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-7947-1128
Evgeniy ZhilenkovResearch and Production Center "MicroMir", LLC, Moscow, Russia.
Lomonosov Moscow State University · RU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNowadays, hundreds of thousands of deaths per year are caused by antibiotic resistant nosocomial infections and the prognosis for future years is much worse, as evidenced by modern research. Bacteria of the Klebsiella genus are one of the main pathogens that cause nosocomial infections. Among the many antimicrobials offered to replace or supplement traditional antibiotics, bacteriophages are promising candidates.

methodsThis article presents microbiological, physicochemical and genomic characterization of 4 virulent bacteriophages belonging to Siphoviridae, Myoviridae and Podoviridae families. Phages were studied by electron microscopy; their host range, lytic activity, adsorption rate, burst size, latent period, frequency of phage-resistant forms generation, lysis dynamics and sensitivity of phage particles to temperature and pH were identified; genomes of all 4 bacteriophages were studied by restriction digestion and complete genome sequence.

resultsStudied phages showed wide host range and high stability at different temperature and pH values. In contrast with single phages, a cocktail of bacteriophages lysed all studied bacterial strains, moreover, no cases of the emergence of phage-resistant bacterial colonies were detected. Genomic data proved that isolated viruses do not carry antibiotic resistance, virulence or lysogenic genes. Three out of four bacteriophages encode polysaccharide depolymerases, which are involved in the degradation of biofilms and capsules.

conclusionsThe bacteriophages studied in this work are promising for further in vivo studies and might be used in phage therapy as part of a complex therapeutic and prophylactic phage preparation. The conducted studies showed that the complex preparation is more effective than individual phages. The use of the complex phage cocktail allows to extend the lytic spectrum, and significantly reduces the possibility of phage-resistant forms generation.

Indexed as

BacteriolysisBacteriophagesCaudoviralesDNA, ViralGenome, ViralGlycoside HydrolasesHost SpecificityHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationKlebsiella InfectionsKlebsiella pneumoniaePhage TherapyTemperatureViral ProteinsVirus AttachmentVirus Latencycapsular-polysaccharide galactohydrolaseDNA, ViralGlycoside HydrolasesViral ProteinsBacteriophagesBiofilmsDepolymerasesESKAPEKlebsiella pneumoniaePhage cocktailsPhage therapy

Identifiers

PMID33407669
PMCPMC7789013
OpenAlexW3120069934

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.