ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2021
Microglial inflammation after chronic spinal cord injury is enhanced by reactive astrocytes via the fibronectin/β1 integrin pathway.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- NG2 Glia and Cellular Crosstalk in Health and Disease: Focus on Spinal Cord Injury.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Review
- Hippo-YAP/TAZ Signaling in Astrocytes and Microglia: Role in Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration and Glial Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Microglial polarization in retinal neovascularization: Friend or foe?Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and Applications of Conductive Biomaterials in Spinal Cord Injury Repair.Biomaterials research · 2026Review
- Mechanical Remodeling and Mechanosensing after Spinal Cord Injury: From Molecular to Translational Approaches.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps released by CD177Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Forced polarisation of microglia by IL-13 is modified by inflammatory and microenvironmental context.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Article
- Spinal Cord Injury and Ageing: The Role of Chronic Neuroinflammation.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- A molecular brain atlas reveals cellular shifts during the repair phase of stroke.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- SIX1 aggravates the progression of spinal cord injury in mice by promoting M1 polarization of microglia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neuropathic Pain Induced by Spinal Cord Injury from the Glia Perspective and Its Treatment.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Dissecting glial scar formation by spatial point pattern and topological data analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The murine metastatic microenvironment of experimental brain metastases of breast cancer differs by host age in vivo: a proteomic study.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2024Article
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells-based Cell-free Therapy Targeting Neuroinflammation.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Intrinsic and extrinsic actions of human neural progenitors with SUFU inhibition promote tissue repair and functional recovery from severe spinal cord injury.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2024Article
- Astroglial Cells: Emerging Therapeutic Targets in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury.Cells · 2024Review
- Progress in treatment of pathological neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- The Promising Role of a Zebrafish Model Employed in Neural Regeneration Following a Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Transplanting Human Neural Stem Cells with ≈50% Reduction of SOX9 Gene Dosage Promotes Tissue Repair and Functional Recovery from Severe Spinal Cord Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Optimization and characterization of miRNA-129-5p-encapsulated poly (lactic-Nanoscale advances · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAfter spinal cord injury (SCI), glial scarring is mainly formed around the lesion and inhibits axon regeneration. Recently, we reported that anti-β1 integrin antibody (β1Ab) had a therapeutic effect on astrocytes by preventing the induction of glial scar formation. However, the cellular components within the glial scar are not only astrocytes but also microglia, and whether or not β1Ab treatment has any influence on microglia within the glial scar remains unclear.
methodsTo evaluate the effects of β1Ab treatment on microglia within the glial scar after SCI, we applied thoracic contusion SCI to C57BL/6N mice, administered β1Ab in the sub-acute phase, and analyzed the injured spinal cords with immunohistochemistry in the chronic phase. To examine the gene expression in microglia and glial scars, we selectively collected microglia with fluorescence-activated cell sorting and isolated the glial scars using laser-captured microdissection (LMD). To examine the interaction between microglia and astrocytes within the glial scar, we stimulated BV-2 microglia with conditioned medium of reactive astrocytes (RACM) in vitro, and the gene expression of TNFα (pro-inflammatory M1 marker) was analyzed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We also isolated both naïve astrocytes (NAs) and reactive astrocytes (RAs) with LMD and examined their expression of the ligands for β1 integrin receptors. Statistical analyses were performed using Wilcoxon's rank-sum test.
resultsAfter performing β1Ab treatment, the microglia were scattered within the glial scar and the expression of TNFα in both the microglia and the glial scar were significantly suppressed after SCI. This in vivo alteration was attributed to fibronectin, a ligand of β1 integrin receptors. Furthermore, the microglial expression of TNFα was shown to be regulated by RACM as well as fibronectin in vitro. We also confirmed that fibronectin was secreted by RAs both in vitro and in vivo. These results highlighted the interaction mediated by fibronectin between RAs and microglia within the glial scar.
conclusionMicroglial inflammation was enhanced by RAs via the fibronectin/β1 integrin pathway within the glial scar after SCI. Our results suggested that β1Ab administration had therapeutic potential for ameliorating both glial scar formation and persistent neuroinflammation in the chronic phase after SCI.
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