ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2021
Synaptosomes: new vesicles for neuronal mitochondrial transplantation.
Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitochondria transfer research from cellular mechanisms to immune-inflammatory and translational frontiers: a bibliometric analysis from 2006 to 2026.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
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- Mitochondrial protein-enriched artificial nanovesicles: mitochondrial recovery and antioxidation for diabetic wound treatment.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial transfer as a driver of immune microenvironment remodeling.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis as a Form of Cell Death-Medical Importance and Pharmacological Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Mitochondrial transplantation: adaptive bio-enhancement.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Biotechnological approaches and therapeutic potential of mitochondria transfer and transplantation.Nature communications · 2025Review
- Review
- The Mitochondrial Foundations of Parkinson's Disease: Therapeutic Implications.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Synaptic Vesicle-Related Proteins and Ubiquilin 2 in Cortical Synaptosomes Mediate Cognitive Impairment in Vascular Dementia Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Vesicles: New Advances in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Hydrogel Microneedle Patches Loaded with Stem Cell Mitochondria-Enriched Microvesicles Boost the Chronic Wound Healing.ACS nano · 2024Article
- Chimeric Cell Therapy Transfers Healthy Donor Mitochondria in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2024Article
- Skeletal muscle dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a mitochondrial perspective and therapeutic approaches.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Review
- Engineered Mitochondrial Transplantation as An Anti-Aging Therapy.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Cannabidiol Modifies the Glutamate Over-Release in Brain Tissue of Patients and Rats with Epilepsy: A Pilot Study.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Mitochondria in Huntington's disease: implications in pathogenesis and mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic strategies.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Mitochondrial transplantation as a novel therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Molecular Pathways Implicated in Radioresistance of Glioblastoma Multiforme: What Is the Role of Extracellular Vesicles?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMitochondrial dysfunction is a critical factor in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, mitochondrial transplantation has been advised as an innovative and attractive strategy to transfer and replace damaged mitochondria. Here we propose, for the first time, to use rat brain extracted synaptosomes, a subcellular fraction of isolated synaptic terminal that contains mitochondria, as mitochondrial delivery systems.
resultsSynaptosome preparation was validated by the presence of Synaptophysin and PSD95. Synaptosomes were characterized in terms of dimension, zeta potential, polydispersity index and number of particles/ml. Nile Red or CTX-FITCH labeled synaptosomes were internalized in LAN5 recipient cells by a mechanism involving specific protein-protein interaction, as demonstrated by loss of fusion ability after trypsin treatment and using different cell lines. The loading and release ability of the synaptosomes was proved by the presence of curcumin both into synaptosomes and LAN5 cells. The vitality of mitochondria transferred by Synaptosomes was demonstrated by the presence of Opa1, Fis1 and TOM40 mitochondrial proteins and JC-1 measurements. Further, synaptosomes deliver vital mitochondria into the cytoplasm of neuronal cells as demonstrated by microscopic images, increase of TOM 40, cytochrome c, Hexokinase II mitochondrial proteins, and presence of rat mitochondrial DNA. Finally, by using synaptosomes as a vehicle, healthy mitochondria restored mitochondrial function in cells containing rotenone or CCCp damaged mitochondria.
conclusionsTaken together these results suggest that synaptosomes can be a natural vehicle for the delivery of molecules and organelles to neuronal cells. Further, the replacement of affected mitochondria with healthy ones could be a potential therapy for treating neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases.
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