Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33407263›Full record

ArticleBMC ophthalmology2021

Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma (ARRET): study protocol for a cluster randomized trial of stopping mass azithromycin distribution for trachoma.

Abdou Amza, Boubacar Kadri, Beido Nassirou, Ahmed M Arzika, Ariana Austin, Fanice Nyatigo, Elodie Lebas, Benjamin F Arnold, Thomas M Lietman, Catherine E Oldenburg

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04185402 (Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04185402 phase4completednot on this map

Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2021 to 2024Enrolled3,931ConditionsTrachomaArmsAzithromycin
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Trachoma.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Abdou AmzaProgramme National de Santé Oculaire, Ministere de la Santé Publique, Niamey, Niger.
Boubacar KadriProgramme National de Santé Oculaire, Ministere de la Santé Publique, Niamey, Niger.
Beido NassirouProgramme National de Santé Oculaire, Ministere de la Santé Publique, Niamey, Niger.
Ahmed M ArzikaCentre de Recherche et d'Intervention en Santé Publique, Niamey, Niger.
Ariana AustinFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Fanice NyatigoFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Elodie LebasFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Benjamin F ArnoldFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Thomas M LietmanFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Catherine E OldenburgFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, USA. catherine.oldenburg@ucsf.edu.
University of California, San Francisco · USMinistère de la Santé Publique · NESan Francisco Foundation · USCentre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire · NE

Funding

Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of TrachomaUG1EY030833 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI LIETMAN, THOMAS M, OLDENBURG, CATHERINE ELIZABETH · 2020 to 2024
$4.1M
NEI NIH HHS UG1 EY030833NEI NIH HHS UG1EY030833
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) recommends annual mass azithromycin distribution until districts drop below 5% prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF). Districts with very low TF prevalence may have little or no transmission of the ocular strains of Chlamydia trachomatis that cause trachoma, and additional rounds of mass azithromycin distribution may not be useful. Here, we describe the protocol for a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate whether mass azithromycin distribution can be stopped prior to the current WHO guidelines.

methodsThe Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma (ARRET) study is a 1:1 community randomized non-inferiority trial designed to evaluate whether mass azithromycin distribution can be stopped in districts with baseline prevalence of TF under 20%. Communities in Maradi, Niger are randomized after baseline assessment either to continued annual mass azithromycin distribution or stopping annual azithromycin distribution over a 3-year period. We will compare the prevalence of ocular C. trachomatis (primary outcome), TF and other clinical signs of trachoma, and serologic markers of trachoma after 3 years. We hypothesize that stopping annual azithromycin distribution will be non-inferior to continued annual azithromycin distributions for all markers of trachoma prevalence and transmission. DISCUSSION: The results of this trial are anticipated to provide potentially guideline-changing evidence for when mass azithromycin distributions can be stopped in low TF prevalence areas. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT04185402 ). Registered December 4, 2019; prospectively registered pre-results.

Indexed as

AzithromycinTrachomaAnti-Bacterial AgentsChlamydia trachomatisEquivalence Trials as TopicHumansInfantPrevalenceRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinAzithromycinMass drug administrationNeglected tropical diseasesTrachoma

Identifiers

PMID33407263
PMCPMC7789605
OpenAlexW3128512694

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.