ArticlePloS one2021
Characterization of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) microbiota from patients with CSF shunt infection and reinfection using high throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNAgenes.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infection of Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage Devices.Surgical infections · 2026Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid microbiome revisited: no evidence of resident bacteria in archived samples.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- A search for bacteria identified from cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections in previous surgical events.PloS one · 2024Article
- Article
- A Refined, Controlled 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing Approach Reveals Limited Detection of Cerebrospinal Fluid Microbiota in Children with Bacterial Meningitis.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Characterization of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) microbiota at the time of initial surgical intervention for children with hydrocephalus.PloS one · 2023Article
- Bacterial Profiles of Brain in Downer Cattle with Unknown Etiology.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Molecular Characterization of Microbiota in Cerebrospinal Fluid From Patients With CSF Shunt Infections Using Whole Genome Amplification Followed by Shotgun Sequencing.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNearly 20% of patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt infection develop reinfection. It is unclear whether reinfections are caused by an organism previously present or are independent infection events.
objectiveWe used bacterial culture and high throughput sequencing (HTS) of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes to identify bacteria present in serial CSF samples obtained from children who failed CSF shunt infection treatment. We hypothesized that organisms that persist in CSF despite treatment would be detected upon reinfection. DESIGN/
methodsSerial CSF samples were obtained from 6 patients, 5 with 2 infections and 1 with 3 infections; the study was limited to those for which CSF samples were available from the end of infection and beginning of reinfection. Amplicons of the 16S rRNA gene V4 region were sequenced. Taxonomic assignments of V4 sequences were compared with bacterial species identified in culture.
resultsSeven infection dyads averaging 13.5 samples per infection were analyzed. A median of 8 taxa [interquartile range (IQR) 5-10] were observed in the first samples from reinfection using HTS. Conventional culture correlated with high abundance of an organism by HTS in all but 1 infection. In 6 of 7 infection dyads, organisms identified by culture at reinfection were detected by HTS of culture-negative samples at the end of the previous infection. The median Chao-Jaccard abundance-based similarity index for matched infection pairs at end of infection and beginning of reinfection was 0.57 (IQR 0.07-0.87) compared to that for unmatched pairs of 0.40 (IQR 0.10-0.60) [p = 0.46]. CONCLUSION(S): HTS results were generally consistent with culture-based methods in CSF shunt infection and reinfection, and may detect organisms missed by culture at the end of infection treatment but detected by culture at reinfection. However, the CSF microbiota did not correlate more closely within patients at the end of infection and beginning of reinfection than between any two unrelated infections. We cannot reject the hypothesis that sequential infections were independent.
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