Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33404236›Full record

ArticleACS biomaterials science & engineering2021

Prolonged Codelivery of Hemagglutinin and a TLR7/8 Agonist in a Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogel Enhances Potency and Breadth of Influenza Vaccination.

Gillie A Roth, Olivia M Saouaf, Anton A A Smith, Emily C Gale, Marcela Alcántara Hernández, Juliana Idoyaga, Eric A Appel

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS biomaterials science & engineering, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. Structural immunotherapy: Harnessing chemical design to build powerful next-generation therapeutics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gillie A RothDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-3451-3694
Olivia M SaouafDepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Anton A A SmithDepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Emily C GaleDepartment of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6536-3027
Marcela Alcántara HernándezDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 299 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Juliana IdoyagaDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 299 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Eric A AppelDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2301-7126
Stanford University · US

Funding

Supplement to Enhance Wellness and Resiliency in the Graduate EnvironmentT32GM007276 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MORRISON, ASHBY J. · 1985 to 2023
$32.9M
Effect of radiotherapy on dendritic cell subsets: implications for immunotherapyR01CA219994 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI IDOYAGA, JULIANA · 2017 to 2021
$1.6M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA219994NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007276
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The sustained release of vaccine cargo has been shown to improve humoral immune responses to challenging pathogens such as influenza. Extended codelivery of antigen and adjuvant prolongs germinal center reactions, thus improving antibody affinity maturation and the ability to neutralize the target pathogen. Here, we develop an injectable, physically cross-linked polymer-nanoparticle (PNP) hydrogel system to prolong the local codelivery of hemagglutinin and a toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist (TLR7/8a) adjuvant. By tethering the TLR7/8a to a NP motif within the hydrogels (TLR7/8a-NP), the dynamic mesh of the PNP hydrogels enables codiffusion of the adjuvant and protein antigen (hemagglutinin), therefore enabling sustained codelivery of these two physicochemically distinct molecules. We show that subcutaneous delivery of PNP hydrogels carrying hemagglutinin and TLR7/8a-NP in mice improves the magnitude and duration of antibody titers in response to a single injection vaccination compared to clinically used adjuvants. Furthermore, the PNP gel-based slow delivery of influenza vaccines led to increased breadth of antibody responses against future influenza variants, including a future pandemic variant, compared to clinical adjuvants. In summary, this work introduces a simple and effective vaccine delivery platform that increases the potency and durability of influenza subunit vaccines.

Indexed as

Influenza VaccinesNanoparticlesVaccine PotencyAnimalsHemagglutininsHydrogelsMembrane GlycoproteinsMicePolymersToll-Like Receptor 7Toll-Like Receptor 8VaccinationHemagglutininsHydrogelsInfluenza VaccinesMembrane GlycoproteinsPolymersTlr7 protein, mouseTLR8 protein, mouseToll-Like Receptor 7Toll-Like Receptor 8biomaterialsdrug deliveryhydrogelsimmunoengineeringvaccines

Identifiers

PMID33404236
PMCPMC8153386
OpenAlexW3119446695

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.