ReviewClinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology2021
Regulation of oral antigen delivery early in life: Implications for oral tolerance and food allergy.
Review in Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diet-Microbiome-Immune Interactions at the Gut Mucosa in Food Allergy: Mechanisms, Gaps, and Therapeutic Implications.Allergy · 2026Review
- Early-Life Nutrition: The Interplay of Nutritional, Microbial, Genetic, and Environmental Factors in Food Allergy Development and Prevention.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The "Survivor Peptide" Hypothesis: Structural Resilience and Immunological Persistence of Food Allergens in the Gut-Mammary Axis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Dietary Antigen Interaction with Intestinal Epithelial Cells.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- T-bet-expressing Tr1 cells driven by dietary signals dominate the small intestinal immune landscape.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Sensitization of Common Allergens and Cosensitization Patterns Among Children in Guangzhou, China.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Early life infection withGut microbes · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Allergens in Atopic Dermatitis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Human milk feeding practices and serum immune profiles of one-year-old infants in the CHILD birth cohort study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Observational
- The maternal gut microbiome in pregnancy: implications for the developing immune system.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2024Review
- Regulatory T cells in allergic inflammation.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
- The First 1000 Days of Life: How Changes in the Microbiota Can Influence Food Allergy Onset in Children.Nutrients · 2023Review
- The effect of oral administration of undenatured type II collagen on monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in young and old rats.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Dendritic Cells andMicroorganisms · 2023Review
- Allergenicity of partially hydrolyzed whey and casein formulas evaluated by ImmunoCAP inhibition assay and basophil activation test.Frontiers in allergy · 2023Article
- Vancomycin-induced gut microbial dysbiosis alters enteric neuron-macrophage interactions during a critical period of postnatal development.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Xylan Prebiotics and the Gut Microbiome Promote Health and Wellbeing: Potential Novel Roles for Pentosan Polysulfate.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LCPUFAs) and the Developing Immune System: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The increasing incidence of food allergy remains a significant public health concern. Food allergy is partially due to a lack, or loss of tolerance to food allergens. Clinical outcomes surrounding early life practices, such as breastfeeding, antibiotic use and food allergen exposure, indicate the first year of life in children represents a unique time for shaping the immune system to reduce allergic outcomes. Animal models have identified distinctive aspects of when and where dietary antigens are delivered within the intestinal tract to promote oral tolerance prior to weaning. Additionally, animal models have identified contributions from maternal proteins from breast milk and bacterial products from the gut microbiota in regulating dietary antigen exposure and promoting oral tolerance, thus connecting decades of clinical observations on the benefits of breastfeeding, early food allergen introduction and antibiotic avoidance in the first year of life in reducing allergic outcomes. Here, we discuss how exposure to gut luminal antigens, including food allergens, is regulated in early life to generate protective tolerance and the implications of this process for preventing and treating food allergies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.