ReviewCardiology and therapy2021
Exercise as Potential Therapeutic Target to Modulate Alzheimer's Disease Pathology in APOE ε4 Carriers: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cardiology and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Neighborhood greenspace and brain imaging outcomes in older adults without dementia from three US Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers.Health & place · 2026Article
- Improving the Delivery of Brain Health Care to All. Keeping our Eye on the Main Prize in an Era of Emerging Anti-Amyloid Therapies.Canadian geriatrics journal : CGJ · 2026Article
- Walking to protect against cognitive decline: the role of APOE genotype and sex.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- FDA-Approved Passive Immunization Treatments Against Aβ in Alzheimer's Disease: Where Are We Now?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Short-term exposure to polystyrene microplastics alters cognition, immune, and metabolic markers in an apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and sex-dependent manner.Environmental research communications · 2025Article
- Assessing the cardioprotective effects of exercise in APOE mouse models using deep learning and photon-counting micro-CT.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- A comparative analysis of physical activity and cognitive performance in both institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults, controlling sociodemographic variables.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- APOE ε4 carrier status moderates the effect of lifestyle factors on cognitive reserve.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- The Intersection of cerebral cholesterol metabolism and Alzheimer's disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Article
- Brain metabolism in Alzheimer's disease: biological mechanisms of exercise.Translational neurodegeneration · 2023Review
- How does apolipoprotein E genotype influence the relationship between physical activity and Alzheimer's disease risk? A novel integrative model.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Review
- ApoE in Alzheimer's disease: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2022Review
- APOE in the bullseye of neurodegenerative diseases: impact of the APOE genotype in Alzheimer's disease pathology and brain diseases.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2022Review
- A healthy mind in a healthy body: Effects of arteriosclerosis and other risk factors on cognitive aging and dementia.The psychology of learning and motivation · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease for which no effective treatment exists at present. Previous research has found that exercise reduces the risk of AD. Since the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele increases the risk of AD and is associated with faster disease progression than the other isoforms, we aimed to highlight the impact of exercise on AD pathology in APOE ε4 carriers. This review focuses on the effect of exercise on cognitive function, dementia risk, amyloid-β (Aβ) metabolism, lipid metabolism, neuroinflammation, neurotrophic factors and vascularization in APOE ε4 carriers. We searched the literature in the PubMed electronic database using the following search terms: physical activity, exercise, aerobic fitness, training, sport, APOE4, Alzheimer's disease, AD and dementia. By cross-referencing, additional publications were identified. Selected studies required older adults to take part in an exercise intervention or to make use of self-reported physical activity questionnaires. All included studies were written and published in English between 2000 and 2020. From these studies, we conclude that exercise is a non-pharmacological treatment option for high-risk APOE ε4 carriers to ameliorate the AD pathological processes including reducing Aβ load, protecting against hippocampal atrophy, improving cognitive function, stabilizing cholesterol levels and lowering pro-inflammatory signals. Variation in study design related to age, cognitive outcomes and the type of intervention explained the differences in study outcomes. However, exercise seems to be effective in delaying the onset of AD and may improve the quality of life of AD patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.