ReviewEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience2021
Repurposing of CNS drugs to treat COVID-19 infection: targeting the sigma-1 receptor.
Review in European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in COVID-19 management: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Antidepressants for COVID-19: A systematic review.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Pooled it
- Donepezil for Fatigue and Psychological Symptoms in Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Systematic Identification of Therapeutic Targets and Repurposed Drugs for Stroke: From Genome Causal Analysis to Multilevel Validation.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- A Full-Spectrum Evaluation of Sigma-1 Receptor (S1R) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radioligands from Binding Affinity to Clinical Imaging.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Risk of neuropsychiatric and related conditions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a difference-in-differences analysis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in the Development of Sigma Receptor (Radio)Ligands and Their Application in Tumors.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- Sigma-1 Receptor Specific Biological Functions, Protective Role, and Therapeutic Potential in Cardiovascular Diseases.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Review
- Selective activation of SIGMAR1 in anterior cingulate cortex glutamatergic neurons facilitates comorbid pain in depression in male mice.Communications biology · 2025Article
- SA4503 Mitigates Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy via Sigma-1 Receptor in Animal and Cell-Based Models.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessing the effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the prevention of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Ketamine, Esketamine, and Arketamine: Their Mechanisms of Action and Applications in the Treatment of Depression and Alleviation of Depressive Symptoms.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Ketamine and its two enantiomers in anesthesiology and psychiatry: A historical review and future directions.Journal of anesthesia and translational medicine · 2024Review
- Use of Early Ketamine Sedation and Association With Clinical and Cost Outcomes Among Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Critical care explorations · 2024Article
- Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxic Assessment of New Haloperidol Analogues as Potential Anticancer Compounds Targeting Sigma Receptors.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The IRE1α-XBP1 arm of the unfolded protein response is a host factor activated in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2024Article
- Exploring the multifaceted potential of (R)-ketamine beyond antidepressant applications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Detrimental effects of COVID-19 in the brain and therapeutic options for long COVID: The role of Epstein-Barr virus and the gut-brain axis.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- Antidepressant drug prescription and incidence of COVID-19 in mental health outpatients: a retrospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- From Cell to Symptoms: The Role of SARS-CoV-2 Cytopathic Effects in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 and Long COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The escalating number of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals has conferred the viral spread with the status of global pandemic. However, there are no prophylactic or therapeutic drugs available on the market to treat COVID-19, although several drugs have been approved. Recently, two articles using the comparative viral-human protein-protein interaction map revealed that the sigma-1 receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum plays an important role in SARS-CoV-2 replication in cells. Knockout and knockdown of SIGMAR1 (sigma-1 receptor, encoded by SIGMAR1) caused robust reductions in SARS-CoV-2 replication, which indicates that the sigma-1 receptor is a key therapeutic target for SARS-CoV-2 replication. Interestingly, a recent clinical trial demonstrated that treatment with the antidepressant fluvoxamine, which has a high affinity at the sigma-1 receptor, could prevent clinical deterioration in adult outpatients infected with SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we discuss the brief history of the sigma-1 receptor and its role in SARS-CoV-2 replication in cells. Here, we propose repurposing of traditional central nervous system (CNS) drugs that have a high affinity at the sigma-1 receptor (i.e., fluvoxamine, donepezil, ifenprodil) for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. Finally, we discussed the potential of other CNS candidates such as cutamesine and arketamine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.