ArticleBioscience reports2021
Shikonin inhibits proliferation of melanoma cells by MAPK pathway-mediated induction of apoptosis.
Article in Bioscience reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Relationship Between Immunogenic Cell Death and Cellular Senescence in Cancer Immunotherapy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ascorbate-driven quinone redox cycling as a pro-oxidant anticancer strategy.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Targeting MAPK Pathways in Skin, Thyroid, and Pancreatic Cancer: A Perspective on Synthetic Inhibitors and Natural Modulators.Advanced biology · 2026Review
- Interaction of Alkannin with CPEB4 Contributes to Its Antitumor Effects in Melanoma.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Potential Regulatory Role of miR-15b, miR-99b, and miR-181a of the Shikonin-Induced MAPK/ERK Apoptotic Signaling Pathway in Renal Carcinoma.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Shikonin as a Dietary Phytochemical with Multi-Target Anti-Cancer Activities: From Molecular Mechanisms to Translational Applications.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Investigating the Role of Shikonin in Enhancing Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis for the Treatment of Osteoporosis.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Natural products as therapeutics for malignant melanoma: preclinical evidence and mechanism.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Shikonin induces the apoptosis and pyroptosis of EGFR-T790M-mutant drug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells via the degradation of cyclooxygenase-2.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Shikonin reactivates TSGs GADD45B and PPP3CC to block NSCLC cell proliferation and migration through JNK/P38/MAPK signaling pathways.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Article
- Pharmacological Effects of Shikonin and Its Potential in Skin Repair: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Piperlongumine induces apoptosis via the MAPK pathway and ERK‑mediated autophagy in human melanoma cells.International journal of molecular medicine · 2023Article
- The Biological Assessment of Shikonin and β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin Using a Cellular Myxofibrosarcoma Tumor Heterogeneity Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cucurbitacin B induces apoptosis in colorectal cells through reactive oxygen species generation and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Shikonin derivatives cause apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human chondrosarcoma cells via death receptors and MAPK regulation.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- Antitumor Effect ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Role of Plant-Derived Active Constituents in Cancer Treatment and Their Mechanisms of Action.Cells · 2022Review
- Shikonin Derivatives Inhibit Inflammation Processes and Modulate MAPK Signaling in Human Healthy and Osteoarthritis Chondrocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Identification of Lactate-Related Gene Signature for Prediction of Progression and Immunotherapeutic Response in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Construction and Validation of a Ferroptosis-Related Prognostic Signature for Melanoma Based on Single-Cell RNA Sequencing.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Shikonin, a natural product isolated from the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, exhibits pharmacological effects against inflammation, ulcers, infections, and tumors. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of shikonin on the human melanoma cell line, A375SM, and in an in vivo mouse xenograft model. We examined the anticancer effects of shikonin by in vitro experiments (MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) stain, annexin V/ propidium iodide (PI) stain, and protein analysis of apoptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways). Further, the anticancer effect in vivo was confirmed through a xenograft model. Our results showed that shikonin inhibited the proliferation of melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, shikonin significantly increased nucleus and chromatin condensation and early/late apoptosis. Shikonin also increased the pro-apoptotic proteins and decreased the anti-apoptotic proteins. Additionally, shikonin was overexpressed in MAPK pathways. Investigation of the effects of shikonin in a mouse xenograft model not only showed decreased A375SM tumor volume but also increased apoptosis as determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Furthermore, pathologic changes were not observed in the liver and kidney of mice. Collectively, the study indicated that shikonin inhibited the proliferation of the human melanoma cells by inducing apoptosis, mediated by MAPK pathway and that it is a potential candidate for an anticancer drug against melanoma cancer.
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