ArticleMalaysian orthopaedic journal2020
Comparison of WIFi, University of Texas and Wagner Classification Systems as Major Amputation Predictors for Admitted Diabetic Foot Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in Malaysian orthopaedic journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Local Versus Systemic Antibiotics for Diabetic Foot Infection-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of diabetes · 2026Pooled it
- Predicting Diabetic Foot Ulcer Outcomes: Machine Learning-Based Refinement of IWGDF-Approved Classifications for Outpatient Services.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Article
- Obstructive sleep apnea risk and its association with diabetic foot ulcer in patients with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Association Between Neutrophil Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio and All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Article
- Mortality predictors and survival nomogram for hospitalized diabetic foot patients: a decade-long cohort.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Predictive model and risk analysis for outcomes in diabetic foot ulcer using eXtreme Gradient Boosting algorithm and SHapley Additive exPlanation.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Machine Learning Insights Into Amputation Risk: Evaluating Wound Classification Systems in Diabetic Foot Ulcers.International wound journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Case Report: A case series of using ultrasound-guided continuous parasacral ischial plane blocks to promote ulcer healing and pain relief in people with diabetic foot ulcers.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Prediction models for amputation after diabetic foot: systematic review and critical appraisal.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Review
- Potassium permanganate in treatment of diabetic foot ulcer: A randomized clinical trial.Health science reports · 2024Article
- The SHID wound classification system for diabetic foot ulcer patients: a validity study.Journal of medicine and life · 2022Article
- Outcomes of integrated surgical wound treatment mode based on tibial transverse transport for diabetic foot wound.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionClassifications systems are powerful tools that could reduce the length of hospital stay and economic burden. The Would, Ischemia, and Foot Infection (WIFi) classification system was created as a comprehensive system for predicting major amputation but is yet to be compared with other systems. Thus, the objective of this study is to compare the predictive abilities for major lower limb amputation of WIFi, Wagner and the University of Texas Classification Systems among diabetic foot patients admitted in a tertiary hospital through a prospective cohort design. MATERIALS AND
methodsSixty-three diabetic foot patients admitted from June 15, 2019 to February 15, 2020. Methods included one-on-one interview for clinico-demographic data, physical examination to determine the classification. Patients were followed-up and outcomes were determined. Pearson Chi-square or Fisher's Exact determined association between clinico-demographic data, the classifications, and outcomes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve determined predictive abilities of classification systems and paired analysis compared the curves. Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) values used to compare the prediction accuracy. Analysis was set at 95% CI.
resultsResults showed hypertension, duration of diabetes, and ambulation status were significantly associated with major amputation. WIFi showed the highest AUC of 0.899 (p = 0.000). However, paired analysis showed AUC differences between WIFi, Wagner, and University of Texas classifications by grade were not significantly different from each other.
conclusionThe WIFi, Wagner, and University of Texas classification systems are good predictors of major amputation with WIFi as the most predictive.
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