ReviewmBio2021
Mechanisms of Attenuation by Genetic Recoding of Viruses.
Review in mBio, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-Wide Codon Reprogramming Enables a Multifactorially Attenuated Influenza Vaccine with Broad Cross-Protection.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Live-attenuated foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine engineered by codon deoptimization induces a strong protective immune response in cattle.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Codon deoptimization of multispecific biologics reduces mispairing during transient mammalian protein expression.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- A viral codon usage strategy enhances antigen production and protection in SFTSV mRNA vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Design and nonviral delivery of live attenuated vaccine to prevent chronic hepatitis C virus-like infection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Codon-deoptimized single-round infectious virus for therapeutic and vaccine applications.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Viral Live-Attenuated Vaccines (LAVs): Past and Future Directions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Modulating cytokine microenvironment during T cell activation induces protective RSV-specific lung resident memory T cells in early life in mice.Npj viruses · 2024Article
- Dengue virus preferentially uses human and mosquito non-optimal codons.Molecular systems biology · 2024Article
- Article
- The (Re-)Emergence and Spread of Viral Zoonotic Disease: A Perfect Storm of Human Ingenuity and Stupidity.Viruses · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Potential In Vitro Recombination Events in Codon Deoptimized FMDV Strains.Viruses · 2023Article
- Construction of pseudorabies virus variant attenuated vaccine: codon deoptimization ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
- The Evolutionary Dance between Innate Host Antiviral Pathways and SARS-CoV-2.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Scalable live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate demonstrates preclinical safety and efficacy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Concomitant use of dexamethasone and tetracyclines: a potential therapeutic option for the management of severe COVID-19 infection?Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2021Review
- Altering Compositional Properties of Viral Genomes to Design Live-Attenuated Vaccines.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The development of safe and effective vaccines against viruses is central to disease control. With advancements in DNA synthesis technology, the production of synthetic viral genomes has fueled many research efforts that aim to generate attenuated viruses by introducing synonymous mutations. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying virus attenuation through synonymous mutagenesis is revealing interesting new biology that can be exploited for vaccine development. Here, we review recent advancements in this field of synthetic virology and focus on the molecular mechanisms of attenuation by genetic recoding of viruses. We highlight the action of the zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) and RNase L, two proteins involved in the inhibition of viruses enriched for CpG and UpA dinucleotides, that are often the products of virus recoding algorithms. Additionally, we discuss current challenges in the field as well as studies that may illuminate how other host functions, such as translation, are potentially involved in the attenuation of recoded viruses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.