ArticleBMJ open respiratory research2021
Novel non-invasive particles in exhaled air method to explore the lining fluid of small airways-a European population-based cohort study.
Article in BMJ open respiratory research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Host factors associated with respiratory particle emission and virus presence within respiratory particles: a systematic review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Abnormal Metabolism of Lysophosphatidylinositol in Nasal Polyp.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2026Article
- Chemical Analysis of Deep-Lung Fluid Derived from Exhaled Breath Particles.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Article
- Particles in Exhaled Air (PExA): Clinical Uses and Future Implications.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Pulmonary Surfactant in Adult ARDS: Current Perspectives and Future Directions.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- New insight: particle flow rate from the airways as an indicator of cardiac failure in the intensive care unit.ESC heart failure · 2023Article
- An explorative study on respiratory health among operators working in polymer additive manufacturing.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionRespiratory tract lining fluid of small airways mainly consists of surfactant that can be investigated by collection of the particles of exhaled aerosol (PExA) method. This offers an exciting prospect to monitor small airway pathology, including subjects with asthma and smokers.
aimTo explore the influence of anthropometric factors and gender on phospholipids, surfactant protein A (SP-A) and albumin of the lining fluid of small airwaysand to examine the association with asthma and smoking. Furthermore, to examine if the surfactant components can predict lung function in terms of spirometry variables.
methodThis study employs the population-based cohort of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey III, including participants from Gothenburg city, Sweden (n=200). The PExA method enabled quantitative description and analytical analysis of phospholipids, SP-A and albumin of the lining fluid of small airways.
resultsAge was a significant predictor of the phospholipids. The components PC14:0/16:0, PC16:0/18:2 (PC, phosphatidylcholine) and SP-A were higher among subjects with asthma, whereas albumin was lower. Among smokers, there were higher levels particularly of di-palmitoyl-di-phosphatidyl-choline compared with non-smokers. Most phospholipids significantly predicted the spirometry variables.
conclusionThis non-invasive PExA method appears to have great potential to explore the role of lipids and proteins of surfactant in respiratory disease.
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