ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2021
Microglial deletion and inhibition alleviate behavior of post-traumatic stress disorder in mice.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral blood levels of C-reactive protein in posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Cumulative trauma, neural circuits, and burnout: an integrative model of healthcare worker post-traumatic stress syndromes.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Review
- Sex-specific role of microglia in ΔNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- A novel composite model of PTSD induced by social bullying: validation via multidimensional behavioral and molecular biomarkers.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- From classic circuits to novel mechanisms: How lncRNA, neuroinflammation, and iPSC models address the translational crisis in PTSD research.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Mosaic: Single-Cell Atlas of Stress.Cells · 2026Review
- Sex differences in behaviors, neuronal activation, and gut-microbiota-metabolic axis in a repeated nitroglycerin-induced chronic migraine model.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Metabolic interactions in the brain: the crucial roles of neurons, astrocytes, and microglia in health and disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Hippocampal neuronal hypoexcitability contributes to PTSD-like phenotypes in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- From Stress to Substance Use Disorders: The Expanding Role of Microglia-Astrocyte Crosstalk in Neuroimmune and Glutamate Alterations in the Nucleus Accumbens.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Sensory neurostimulation promotes stress resilience with frequency-specificity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- THSG counteracts microglial glycolytic reprogramming and neuronal necroptosis both in vivo and in vitro under conditions of neuroinflammation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Research Progress on Inflammation and Immune Dysregulation in PTSD.Brain and behavior · 2025Review
- Integrated Gene and Isoform-Level Transcriptomic Analysis of Adverse Childhood Experiences in the Human Prefrontal Cortex.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2025Article
- Induction of more severe central sensitization in a medication overuse headache model mice through active ingestion of rizatriptan.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Epitranscriptomic Analysis of the Ventral Hippocampus in a Mouse Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Following Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment of the Basolateral Amygdala.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- The Influence of Changes in Microglia Development on the Plasticity of the Developing Visual Cortex Circuit in Juvenile Mice.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Immune imbalance in the human hippocampus in PTSD revealed by single-nucleus transcriptomics.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The therapeutic effects ofGut microbiome (Cambridge, England) · 2025Review
- From trauma to depression: structural, synaptic, epigenetic, and molecular pathways linking early stress to lifelong vulnerability.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlteration of immune status in the central nervous system (CNS) has been implicated in the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the nature of overall changes in brain immunocyte landscape in PTSD condition remains unclear.
methodsWe constructed a mouse PTSD model by electric foot-shocks followed by contextual reminders and verified the PTSD-related symptoms by behavior test (including contextual freezing test, open-field test, and elevated plus maze test). We examined the immunocyte panorama in the brains of the naïve or PTSD mice by using single-cell mass cytometry. Microglia number and morphological changes in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala were analyzed by histopathological methods. The gene expression changes of those microglia were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Genetic/pharmacological depletion of microglia or minocycline treatment before foot-shocks exposure was performed to study the role of microglia in PTSD development and progress.
resultsWe found microglia are the major brain immune cells that respond to PTSD. The number of microglia and ratio of microglia to immunocytes was significantly increased on the fifth day of foot-shock exposure. Furthermore, morphological analysis and gene expression profiling revealed temporal patterns of microglial activation in the hippocampus of the PTSD brains. Importantly, we found that genetic/pharmacological depletion of microglia or minocycline treatment before foot-shock exposure alleviated PTSD-associated anxiety and contextual fear.
conclusionOur results demonstrated a critical role for microglial activation in PTSD development and a potential therapeutic strategy for the clinical treatment of PTSD in the form of microglial inhibition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.