ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
The Paradox Effect of Calcification in Carotid Atherosclerosis: Microcalcification is Correlated with Plaque Instability.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Computed Tomography Angiography "Rim Sign" for Detecting Carotid Intraplaque Hemorrhage: A Computed Tomography Angiography-Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Histology Correlation Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Artery tertiary lymphoid organs, neuro-immune interaction and their mediators in atherosclerosis.Basic research in cardiology · 2026Review
- Mechanistic Insights into Therapeutic Strategies for Post- Menopausal Atherosclerosis: Evidence from an Ovariectomized Mouse Model.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Review
- Spatial architecture of atherosclerotic plaques: coordinating immune responses through mechanotransduction and vesicular trafficking.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Endothelial Cell Heterogeneity in Carotid Plaque Calcification: An Exploratory Single-Cell Transcriptomic Study with Proteomic Support.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Considerations on the Development of Therapeutics in Vascular Calcification.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Review
- Bacteroides Fragilis Exacerbates T2D Vascular Calcification by Secreting Extracellular Vesicles to Induce M2 Macrophages.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Association between carotid atherosclerotic plaque characteristics and white matter hyperintensity in cerebral small vessel disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Attributes of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid artery disease: a Doppler ultrasound assessment.Jornal vascular brasileiro · 2025Review
- Identification of Protein Networks and Biological Pathways Driving the Progression of Atherosclerosis in Human Carotid Arteries Through Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Impact of the environmental pollution on cardiovascular diseases: From epidemiological to molecular evidence.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Molecular profiling of a bladder cancer with very high tumour mutational burden.Cell death discovery · 2024Article
- Molecular Pathways of Vulnerable Carotid Plaques at Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The interplay of collagen, macrophages, and microcalcification in atherosclerotic plaque cap rupture mechanics.Basic research in cardiology · 2024Review
- Aortic calcification correlates with pseudoaneurysm or penetrating aortic ulcer of different etiologies.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Macrophage polarization and metabolism in atherosclerosis.Cell death & disease · 2023Review
- Cross-Sectional Validation of a Novel Computed Tomography-Based Carotid Mean Calcium Density Measurement.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Atherosclerosis Calcification: Focus on Lipoproteins.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Inhibition of the Semaphorin 4D-Plexin-B1 axis prevents calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells.BMB reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundthis study aims to investigate the possible association among the histopathologic features of carotid plaque instability, the presence of micro- or macrocalcifications, the expression of in situ inflammatory biomarkers, and the occurrence of the major risk factors in this process in a large series of carotid plaques.
methodsa total of 687 carotid plaques from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients were collected. Histological evaluation was performed to classify the calcium deposits in micro or macrocalcifications according to their morphological features (location and size). Immunohistochemistry was performed to study the expression of the main inflammatory biomarkers.
resultsresults here reported demonstrated that calcifications are very frequent in carotid plaques, with a significant difference between the presence of micro- and macrocalcifications. Specifically, microcalcifications were significantly associated to high inflamed unstable plaques. Paradoxically, macrocalcifications seem to stabilize the plaque and are associated to a M2 macrophage polarization instead. DISCUSSION: the characterization of mechanisms involved in the formation of carotid calcifications can lay the foundation for developing new strategies for the management of patients affected by carotid atherosclerosis. Data of this study could provide key elements for an exhaustive evaluation of carotid plaque calcifications allowing to establish the risk of associated clinical events.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.