ArticleMicroorganisms2021
A Methodology for Classifying Root Causes of Outbreaks of Legionnaires' Disease: Deficiencies in Environmental Control and Water Management.
Article in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Incorporating Incubation Period Distributions to Precisely Estimate the Association Between Rainfall and Legionella Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Church Jetted Baptismal Font Linked to Legionellosis Outbreak-Tennessee, 2023.Journal of environmental health · 2025Article
- Surveillance of Waterborne Disease Outbreaks Associated with Drinking Water - United States, 2015-2020.Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002) · 2024Article
- Estimating Waterborne Infectious Disease Burden by Exposure Route, United States, 2014.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Heterotrophic Plate Count Can Predict the Presence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Conceptual model to informFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Tenets of a holistic approach to drinking water-associated pathogen research, management, and communication.Water research · 2022Review
- Water Security and Nutrition: Current Knowledge and Research Opportunities.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We piloted a methodology for collecting and interpreting root cause-or environmental deficiency (ED)-information from Legionnaires' disease (LD) outbreak investigation reports. The methodology included a classification framework to assess common failures observed in the implementation of water management programs (WMPs). We reviewed reports from fourteen CDC-led investigations between 1 January 2015 and 21 June 2019 to identify EDs associated with outbreaks of LD. We developed an abstraction guide to standardize data collection from outbreak reports and define relevant parameters. We categorized each ED according to three criteria: ED type, WMP-deficiency type, and source of deficiency. We calculated the prevalence of EDs among facilities and explored differences between facilities with and without WMPs. A majority of EDs identified (81%) were classified as process failures. Facilities with WMPs (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.