Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33401034›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2021

Low vitamin D status is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nanyang Liu, Jiahui Sun, Xiyuan Wang, Tingting Zhang, Ming Zhao, Hao Li

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
28.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 196 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. Vitamin D Deficiency and Comorbidities as Risk Factors of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2022
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27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Nanyang LiuDepartment of Geratology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing (10091), China.
Jiahui SunGraduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Xiyuan WangGraduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Tingting ZhangCollege of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
Ming ZhaoGraduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Hao LiDepartment of Geratology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing (10091), China. Electronic address: xyhplihao1965@126.com.
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine · CNXiyuan Hospital · CNShandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObservational studies suggest that the risk and clinical prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are related to low vitamin D status; however, the data are inconsistent.

objectivesWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between low vitamin D status and COVID-19.

methodsA systematic search was conducted with PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from database inception to September 25, 2020. The standardized mean difference (SMD) or odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied to estimate pooled results. Random - or fixed-effect models based on heterogeneity were used for the meta-analysis. Funnel plots and Egger regression tests were used to assess publication bias.

resultsA total of ten articles with 361,934 participants were selected for meta-analysis. Overall, the pooled OR in the fixed-effect model showed that vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.00-2.05). In addition, COVID-19-positive individuals had lower vitamin D levels than COVID-19-negative individuals (SMD = -0.37, 95% CI = -0.52 to -0.21). Significant heterogeneity existed in both endpoints. Funnel plots and Egger regression tests revealed significant publication bias.

conclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that low vitamin D status might be associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the clinical severity and prognosis in patients with COVID-19. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no: CRD42020216740.

Indexed as

SARS-CoV-2COVID-19Dietary SupplementsHumansVitamin DVitamin D DeficiencyVitamin D25-hydroxyvitamin DCoronavirus disease 2019Low vitamin D statusMeta-analysisVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID33401034
PMCPMC7833186
OpenAlexW3120069157

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.