Trial reportBioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy2021
Administration of CD4
Trial report in BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of antigen-specific therapeutic approaches for multiple sclerosis: Systematic review.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Bibliometric analysis of global research trends on regulatory T cells in neurological diseases.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Cytokine-independent activation of STAT5 promotes the persistence and function of CD4Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cell induction strategies and applications in the treatment of immune and non-immune diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Immune tolerance platforms to mitigate unwanted immune responses.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Immune reconstitution and tolerance-inducing therapies as promising therapeutic approaches in multiple sclerosis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- IL-17A deficiency in HLA-DR3 transgenic mice enriches beneficial Prevotella species in gut to promote Tregs and reduce CNS autoimmunity.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Next-Generation regulatory T cell therapies: Translational considerations for inflammatory bowel disease.Human immunology · 2026Review
- Rethinking MS Therapeutics: From Disease Pathogenesis Mechanisms to AI-Driven Drug Discovery.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cell therapies: biological foundations, engineering strategies, and clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cell Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical Advances, Limitations, and Future Perspectives from Clinical Studies-A Systematic Review.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Regulatory T cell therapy for Sjögren's disease: From pathogenesis to targeted treatment.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Review
- Targeted regulatory T cell activation by site-specific PEGylated interleukin-2 mitigates autoimmune inflammation.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Article
- The Potential of β-Synuclein-Specific Regulatory T Cell Therapy as a Treatment for Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Local control of T cell fate in lymph nodes safely and durably reverses myelin-driven autoimmunity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Regulatory T Cell-Based Adoptive Cell Therapy in Autoimmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Targeting Impaired Type I Interferon-IL-27 Signaling Rescues T Regulatory Cell Suppressive Function in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Initial or continuous coculture with umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells facilitates in vitro expansion of human regulatory T-cell subpopulations.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Article
- Yerba Mate (Nutrients · 2025Article
- The Efficiency of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Secretion by mRNA-Electroporated Regulatory T Cells Is Highly Impacted by Their Activation Status.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease in which autoimmune T conventional (T
methodsWe present the results of a phase 1b/2a, open-label, two-arm clinical trial in 14 patients treated with autologous T
resultsNo severe adverse events were observed. Self-assessed quality of life (EuroQol-5 Dimensions [EQ-5D] form) did not change and did not differ significantly between the groups. A total of 12 relapses were noted in five intravenously treated patients, who had from one to three attacks per year. Three out of ten participants who completed the trial in the IV group deteriorated more than 1 point on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) during the follow-up. At the same time, no patients in the IT group experienced a relapse or such a deterioration in the EDSS. No significant differences were found in the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC) scale in both the IV and IT groups. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans revealed a significantly lower change in the T2 lesion volume in the IT group compared to the IV group. The increase in the number of new T2 lesions during the follow-up was significant for the IV group only. There were no significant changes in the level of T
conclusionsNo serious adverse events were reported in the 14 patients with MS treated with T
trial registrationEudraCT: 2014-004320-22; registered 18 November 2014.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.