Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33400031›Full record

ArticleHernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery2021

Early drain removal does not increase the rate of surgical site infections following an open transversus abdominis release.

B Kushner, E Smith, B Han, E Otegbeye, S Holden, J Blatnik

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

B KushnerDivision of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Section of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University, 660 South Euclid Street, Campus Box 8109, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA. b.kushner@wustl.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7360-7642
E SmithDivision of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Section of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University, 660 South Euclid Street, Campus Box 8109, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
B HanDivision of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Section of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University, 660 South Euclid Street, Campus Box 8109, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
E OtegbeyeDivision of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Section of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University, 660 South Euclid Street, Campus Box 8109, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
S HoldenDivision of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Section of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University, 660 South Euclid Street, Campus Box 8109, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
J BlatnikDivision of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Section of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University, 660 South Euclid Street, Campus Box 8109, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Washington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

SURGICAL ONCOLOGY TRAINING GRANTT32CA009621 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI TIMOTHY J. EBERLEIN, William E. Gillanders · 1988 to 2026
$12.9M
NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009621
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIntraoperative drain placement during an open transversus abdominis release (TAR) is common practice. However, evidence detailing the optimal timing of drain removal is lacking. Surgical dogma teaches that drains should remain in place until output is minimal. This practice increases the risk of drain-associated complications (infection, pain, and skin irritation) and prolongs the burden of surgical drain maintenance. The objective of this study is to review infectious outcomes following TAR with early or late drain removal.

methodsPatients who underwent an open bilateral TAR from 1/2018 to 1/2020 were eligible for the study. Prior to 2019, one of the two intraoperative drains was left in place at discharge. In 2019, clinical practice shifted to remove both drains at hospital discharge irrespective of output. The rate of infectious morbidity was compared between the two cohorts.

resultsA total of 184 patients were included: 89 late and 95 early drain removal. No differences in wound complications existed between the two cohorts: surgical site occurrence (SSO): 21.3% vs. 18.9% (p = 0.68); surgical site infection (SSI): 14.6% vs. 10.5% (p = 0.40); abscess: 8.9% vs. 4.2% (p = 0.20); seroma: 6.7% vs. 10.5% (p = 0.36); cellulitis: 14.6% vs. 8.4% (p = 0.19%); or SSO requiring procedural intervention (SSOPI): 5.6% vs. 5.2% (p = 0.92). Rates of antibiotic prescription and 30-day readmission were also similar (p = 0.69 and p = 0.89).

conclusionsEarly removal of abdominal wall surgical drains at discharge irrespective of drain output does not increase the prevalence of infectious morbidity following TAR. It is likely safe to remove all drains at discharge regardless of drain output.

Indexed as

Abdominal WallSurgical Wound InfectionAbdominal MusclesDrainageHerniorrhaphyHumansSeromaComponent separationIncisional hernia repairSurgical drainTransversus abdominis releaseWound infection

Identifiers

PMID33400031
PMCPMC8058248
OpenAlexW3119120781

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.