ArticleNature structural & molecular biology2021
Promoter-proximal CTCF binding promotes distal enhancer-dependent gene activation.
Article in Nature structural & molecular biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 209 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
209 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 294 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cross-platform Hi-C meta-analysis identifies functional insulators that actively block enhancer-promoter interactions.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- ΔNp63α‑mediated regulation of tumor‑associated genes and pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma progression.Molecular medicine reports · 2026Article
- Foundation model reveals the shared organization of transcription and topologically associating domains.Cell systems · 2026Article
- 3D Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/dCas Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- CTCF aligns single-cell TAD-like domain boundaries and stabilizes long-range active chromatin clusters.Science advances · 2026Article
- cPRC1.2 and CTCF-mediated transition from poised to active chromatin loops at bivalent genes.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and functional implications of long-range enhancer-dependent gene regulation.Nature genetics · 2026Review
- Diverse Roles of Cohesin in Chromosome Dynamics and Stem Cells.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2026Review
- Sequential-GAM constructs the single-cell geometric 3D genome structure.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- The roles of chromatin remodeling and 3D genome organization in cancers: from mechanistic insights to emerging treatment options.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Senescent cells cluster CTCF on nuclear speckles to instruct an alternative splicing program.Nature aging · 2026Article
- The future objectives of the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC): functional evaluation of human disease-relevant cis-regulatory elements in the mouse genome.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026Article
- Live-cell imaging of enhancer-promoter dynamics reveals transient contact-driven gene activation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
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- Large RNA polymerase II condensates are promoter-centric assemblies associated with early stages of transcription at all expressed genes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cohesin bridging as a physical principle of enhancer-promoter communication.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- CTCF's loop-independent functions prevail over chromatin looping in the acute degradation system.Protein & cell · 2026Article
- Loop Extrusion Accelerates Long-Range Enhancer-Promoter Searches in Living Embryos.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The role of cohesin loading at enhancers in the flux of loop extrusion and long-range transcriptional control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
149 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) works together with the cohesin complex to drive the formation of chromatin loops and topologically associating domains, but its role in gene regulation has not been fully defined. Here, we investigated the effects of acute CTCF loss on chromatin architecture and transcriptional programs in mouse embryonic stem cells undergoing differentiation to neural precursor cells. We identified CTCF-dependent enhancer-promoter contacts genome-wide and found that they disproportionately affect genes that are bound by CTCF at the promoter and are dependent on long-distance enhancers. Disruption of promoter-proximal CTCF binding reduced both long-range enhancer-promoter contacts and transcription, which were restored by artificial tethering of CTCF to the promoter. Promoter-proximal CTCF binding is correlated with the transcription of over 2,000 genes across a diverse set of adult tissues. Taken together, the results of our study show that CTCF binding to promoters may promote long-distance enhancer-dependent transcription at specific genes in diverse cell types.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.