Trial reportBMJ open2021
Real-world effectiveness of app-based treatment for urinary incontinence: a cohort study.
Trial report in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06189443 (Abdominal-Kegel Exercise in Patients With Stress Urinary Incontinence and the Effect of Telemedicine Applications on Adaptation to Lifestyle Changes), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Abdominal-Kegel Exercise in Patients With Stress Urinary Incontinence and the Effect of Telemedicine Applications on Adaptation to Lifestyle Changes: A Randomized Controlled Study
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- User Engagement With mHealth Interventions to Promote Treatment Adherence and Self-Management in People With Chronic Health Conditions: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Persuasive Technology in an mHealth App Designed for Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Among Women: Systematic Review.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2022Pooled it
- Mobile App-Based Self-Management of Urinary Incontinence in Pregnant Women: Multicenter Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Pelvic floor muscle training in female functional fitness exercisers: an assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial.British journal of sports medicine · 2024Trial
- Preliminary Effectiveness of mHealth App-Based Pelvic Floor Muscle Training among Pregnant Women to Improve Their Exercise Adherence: A Pilot Randomised Control Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Digital Health Interventions Incorporating Behavior Change Techniques and Gamification for Bladder Health in Adults Aged 50 Years and Older: Rapid Review.Interactive journal of medical research · 2026Review
- A Nordic perspective on female stress urinary incontinence care: Lessons for shared clinical practice.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Review
- Trends in level of education and area of residence of users of a mobile app to support treatment of urinary incontinence.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Attitudes and Perceptions of eHealth Among Female Patients with Urinary Incontinence and Healthcare Providers: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Review
- Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: Modified urethral mucosa pre-dissected technique versus traditional three-lobe technique-A retrospective study.Lasers in medical science · 2024Article
- 2024 Canadian Urological Association guideline: Female stress urinary incontinence.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2024Article
- Minimum important difference of the ICIQ-UI SF score after self-management of urinary incontinence.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Digital Therapeutics in Urology: An Innovative Approach to Patient Care and Management.European urology open science · 2023Article
- Digital Technologies for Women's Pelvic Floor Muscle Training to Manage Urinary Incontinence Across Their Life Course: Scoping Review.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2023Article
- A digital health program for treatment of urinary incontinence: retrospective review of real-world user data.International urogynecology journal · 2023Article
- Article
- A mobile app as support for pelvic floor muscle training started prior to radical prostatectomy.BJUI compass · 2023Article
- Usage of a Web-Based eHealth Intervention for Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence: Mixed Methods Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Observational
- App-based pelvic floor muscle training in pregnant and postnatal women: A prospective cohort study exploring factors associated with prevention and improvement of urinary incontinence.Health science reports · 2022Article
- Self-management of incontinence using a free mobile app: factors associated with improvement.International urogynecology journal · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe efficacy of app-based treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has been demonstrated in a randomised controlled trial (RCT). In this study, we investigate the user characteristics and the effectiveness of the same app when freely available, and compare these results with the RCT.
designProspective cohort study.
participantsDuring a 17-month period, 24 602 non-pregnant, non-postpartum women older than 18 years downloaded the app and responded anonymously to a questionnaire. Of these, 2672 (11%) responded to the 3-month follow-up.
interventionThree months' use of the app Tät, containing information, a pelvic floor muscle training programme and lifestyle advice.
main outcome measuresChange in symptom severity (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF)) and subjective improvement (Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I)).
resultsOf the respondents, 88% lived in Sweden and 75% (18 384/24 602) were incontinent with a mean age of 45.5 (SD 14.1) years. The UI types, based on symptoms, were SUI (53%), urgency UI (12%), mixed UI (31%) and undefined (4%). The mean ICIQ-UI SF score was 8.2 (SD 4.0) at baseline. The mean ICIQ-UI SF score reduction at follow-up was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.19 to 1.44) with a larger reduction in those with more severe incontinence at baseline (severe/very severe 3.23 (95% CI: 2.85 to 3.61), moderate 1.41 (95% CI: 1.24 to 1.59) and slight 0.24 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.42). When the results were weighted to match the distribution of severity in the RCT, the ICIQ-UI SF score reduction was 2.2 compared with 3.9 in the RCT. Regarding PGI-I, 65% experienced improvement compared with 92% in the RCT.
conclusionsThe app Tät was effective for self-management of UI even in the real world. Although the reduction in incontinence symptoms was less than in the RCT, two-thirds of the users improved. App-based treatment reaches many women without requiring resources from ordinary healthcare services.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.