Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33397319›Full record

Trial reportBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021

Prevalence and correlates of maternal early stimulation behaviors during pregnancy in northern Ghana: a cross-sectional survey.

Jessica Mackness, John A Gallis, Raymond Kofi Owusu, Mohammed Ali, Safiyatu Abubakr-Bibilazu, Haliq Adam, Raymond Aborigo, John Koku Awoonor-Williams, Margaret Lillie, Elena McEwan and 3 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03665246 (Evaluation of the iMBC/ECD Model on Maternal Mental Health and Child Development in Ghana), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03665246 nacompletednot on this map

Evaluation of the iMBC/ECD Model on Maternal Mental Health and Child Development in Ghana

TypeinterventionalSponsorDuke UniversityRan2018 to 2020Enrolled378ConditionsEarly Childhood DevelopmentArmsIntegrated Mothers and Babies Course
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Jessica MacknessDuke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. jessica.mackness@duke.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2673-8196
John A GallisDepartment of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-8424
Raymond Kofi OwusuCatholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana.
Mohammed AliCatholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana.
Safiyatu Abubakr-BibilazuCatholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana.
Haliq AdamCatholic Relief Services Country Office, Tamale, Ghana.
Raymond AborigoNavrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0642-9265
John Koku Awoonor-WilliamsGhana Health Service, Accra, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1094-8212
Margaret LillieDuke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5246-1795
Elena McEwanCatholic Relief Services Head Quarters, Baltimore, MD, USA.
John HemblingCatholic Relief Services Head Quarters, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-5259
Lavanya VasudevanDuke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2900-6070
Joy Noel BaumgartnerDuke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1783-8972
Catholic Relief Services · USDuke University · USGhana Health Service · GHNavrongo Health Research Centre · GH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPer UNICEF's Nurturing Care Framework, early childhood development (ECD) begins during pregnancy and many lower-resource settings need data to inform their programs for optimal child development. The maternal-fetal relationship can be partly examined via a series of bonding activities called early stimulation behaviors (ESB). This study describes early stimulation behaviors and the associated correlates among pregnant women in Ghana.

methodsThis cross-sectional study used data from a cluster-randomized trial in two districts of Northern Ghana. A total of 374 pregnant women were enrolled at baseline and administered a pre-intervention survey. Communication-related early stimulation behaviors was the primary outcome which was evaluated using three maternal-fetal bonding activities; did the woman self-report touching and/or talking, singing, and/or talking about family to her belly. A generalized estimating equation modified Poisson model was used for the bivariate and multivariable analysis.

resultsAbout half of the participants reported performing communication-related ESB during pregnancy frequently or sometimes. Bivariate analysis revealed that negative life experiences including higher rates of emotional, physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) and having moderate to severe depressive symptoms were associated with women performing early stimulation behaviors more often. In the multivariable model, physical intimate partner violence remained significantly associated with early stimulation behaviors.

conclusionResearch on early stimulation behaviors is still in a nascent phase. It is unclear why our results revealed an association between intimate partner violence and early stimulation behaviors; this could reflect a coping mechanism for the expectant mother. Further research is needed to better understand this association and explore potential long-term impacts of early stimulation behaviors during pregnancy on child development.

trial registrationClinical Trials # NCT03665246 , August 29, 2018.

Indexed as

Maternal-Fetal RelationsObject AttachmentPregnant PeopleAcoustic StimulationAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGhanaHumansIntimate Partner ViolencePhysical StimulationPoisson DistributionPregnancySex OffensesSingingEarly childhood developmentEarly stimulation behaviorsIntimate partner violenceMaternal-fetal attachmentPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID33397319
PMCPMC7784360
OpenAlexW3106554080

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.