Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33397140›Full record

ReviewThe American journal of psychiatry2021

Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Schizophrenia.

Nina V Kraguljac, William M McDonald, Alik S Widge, Carolyn I Rodriguez, Mauricio Tohen, Charles B Nemeroff

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in The American journal of psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 136 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
136citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
11.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

136 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 240 citations in OpenAlex.

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  19. [Breath metabolomic characteristics of schizophrenia and their potential for auxiliary diagnosis].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026
    Article
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76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nina V KraguljacDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Kraguljac); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (McDonald); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Widge); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, Calif. (Rodriguez); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque (Tohen); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin (Nemeroff).
William M McDonaldDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Kraguljac); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (McDonald); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Widge); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, Calif. (Rodriguez); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque (Tohen); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin (Nemeroff).
Alik S WidgeDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Kraguljac); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (McDonald); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Widge); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, Calif. (Rodriguez); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque (Tohen); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin (Nemeroff).
Carolyn I RodriguezDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Kraguljac); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (McDonald); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Widge); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, Calif. (Rodriguez); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque (Tohen); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin (Nemeroff).
Mauricio TohenDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Kraguljac); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (McDonald); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Widge); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, Calif. (Rodriguez); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque (Tohen); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin (Nemeroff).
Charles B NemeroffDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Kraguljac); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (McDonald); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Widge); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, Calif. (Rodriguez); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque (Tohen); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin (Nemeroff).
VA Palo Alto Health Care System · US

Funding

Contribution of Glutamate Excess and Inflammation to Progressive White Matter Changes in PsychosisR01MH118484 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI KRAGULJAC, NINA VANESSA · 2019 to 2023
$3.3M
Circuit Specific Electrical Brain StimulationR01MH119384 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI WIDGE, ALIK S. · 2019 to 2023
$2.4M
Structural and Neurometabolic White Matter Integrity in the Deficit SyndromeK23MH106683 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI KRAGULJAC, NINA VANESSA · 2015 to 2019
$883k
NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH106683NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH118484NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH119384
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome with a heterogeneous genetic, neurobiological, and phenotypic profile. Currently, no objective biological measures-that is, biomarkers-are available to inform diagnostic or treatment decisions. Neuroimaging is well positioned for biomarker development in schizophrenia, as it may capture phenotypic variations in molecular and cellular disease targets, or in brain circuits. These mechanistically based biomarkers may represent a direct measure of the pathophysiological underpinnings of the disease process and thus could serve as true intermediate or surrogate endpoints. Effective biomarkers could validate new treatment targets or pathways, predict response, aid in selection of patients for therapy, determine treatment regimens, and provide a rationale for personalized treatments. In this review, the authors discuss a range of mechanistically plausible neuroimaging biomarker candidates, including dopamine hyperactivity,

Indexed as

BiomarkersBrainConnectomeDopamineGray MatterHippocampusHumansInflammationMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyNeural PathwaysNeuroimagingNeuroimmunomodulationOrgan SizePositron-Emission TomographyReceptors, GABAReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateBiomarkersDopamineReceptors, GABAReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateTSPO protein, humanBiomarkerNeuroimagingSchizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic DisordersWork Group on Biomarkers and Novel Treatments of the APA Council of Research

Identifiers

PMID33397140
PMCPMC8222104
OpenAlexW3121061938

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.