ReviewCells2020
GRKs as Modulators of Neurotransmitter Receptors.
Review in Cells, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of GRK2 aggregation in the pathology of Alzheimer disease in animal models.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanism of β-arrestin 2 interaction with phosphorylated intracellular loop 3 of dopamine receptor D2.Communications biology · 2025Article
- GPCR-dependent and -independent arrestin signaling.Trends in pharmacological sciences · 2024Review
- Arrestins: A Small Family of Multi-Functional Proteins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Immunogenetics of lithium response and psychiatric phenotypes in patients with bipolar disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Hepatic GRK2 is dispensable for glucose homeostasis and other key metabolic parameters in mice.Molecular metabolism · 2024Article
- Differential activation of rhodopsin triggers distinct endocytic trafficking and recycling in vivo via differential phosphorylation.PloS one · 2024Article
- Delineation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase Phosphorylation Sites within the DInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Comprehensive insights in GRK4 and hypertension: From mechanisms to potential therapeutics.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- GPCR kinases generate an APH1A phosphorylation barcode to regulate amyloid-β generation.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Structural basis of GPCR coupling to distinct signal transducers: implications for biased signaling.Trends in biochemical sciences · 2022Review
- Encoding Taste: From Receptors to Perception.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2022Article
- Structural Basis of Arrestin Selectivity for Active Phosphorylated G Protein-Coupled Receptors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Role of α2-Adrenoceptor Subtypes in Suppression of L-Type CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many receptors for neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and neuropeptides, belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). A general model posits that GPCRs undergo two-step homologous desensitization: the active receptor is phosphorylated by kinases of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) family, whereupon arrestin proteins specifically bind active phosphorylated receptors, shutting down G protein-mediated signaling, facilitating receptor internalization, and initiating distinct signaling pathways via arrestin-based scaffolding. Here, we review the mechanisms of GRK-dependent regulation of neurotransmitter receptors, focusing on the diverse modes of GRK-mediated phosphorylation of receptor subtypes. The immediate signaling consequences of GRK-mediated receptor phosphorylation, such as arrestin recruitment, desensitization, and internalization/resensitization, are equally diverse, depending not only on the receptor subtype but also on phosphorylation by GRKs of select receptor residues. We discuss the signaling outcome as well as the biological and behavioral consequences of the GRK-dependent phosphorylation of neurotransmitter receptors where known.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.