ArticleCancers2020
The Impact of Immunofunctional Phenotyping on the Malfunction of the Cancer Immunity Cycle in Breast Cancer.
Article in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- CD8/CD4 ratio, CD56, and PD-L1 as prognostic markers in sinonasal mucosal melanoma.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Dual cutoffs of estrogen receptor positivity define prognostic and predictive subgroups in breast cancer.iScience · 2026Article
- High Ki67 Gene Expression Is Associated With Aggressive Phenotype in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.World journal of oncology · 2024Article
- The cellular composition of the tumor microenvironment is an important marker for predicting therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Development of a Machine Learning-Based Prognostic Model for Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Using Nine-Gene Expression Signature.World journal of oncology · 2023Article
- Clinical Relevance of Estrogen Reactivity in the Breast Cancer Microenvironment.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Low adipocyte hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with aggressive cancer biology and with worse survival.American journal of cancer research · 2022Article
- Updates in combined approaches of radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Octogenarians' Breast Cancer Is Associated with an Unfavorable Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Worse Disease-Free Survival.Cancers · 2021Article
- Enhanced Thermogenesis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Is Associated with Pro-Tumor Immune Microenvironment.Cancers · 2021Article
- Low intratumoral genetic neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with favorable tumor immune microenvironment and with survival in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).American journal of cancer research · 2021Article
- Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) produced by sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and exported via ABCC1 is related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression.American journal of cancer research · 2021Article
- Increased intratumor heterogeneity, angiogenesis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition pathways in metaplastic breast cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The cancer-immunity cycle (CIC) is a series of self-sustaining stepwise events to fight cancer growth by the immune system. We hypothesized that immunofunctional phenotyping that represent the malfunction of the CIC is clinically relevant in breast cancer (BC). Total of 2979 BC cases; 1075 from TCGA cohort, 1904 from METABRIC cohort were analyzed. The immunofunctional phenotype was classified as follows: hot T-cell infiltrated (HTI), high immune cytolytic activity (CYT), Cold T-cell infiltrated (CTI), high frequency of CD8+ T cells and low CYT, and non-inflamed, low frequency of CD8+ T cells and low CYT. The analysis of tumor immune microenvironment in the immunofunctional phenotype revealed that not only immunostimulatory factors, but also immunosuppressive factors were significantly elevated and immunosuppressive cells were significantly decreased in HTI. Patients in HTI were significantly associated with better survival in whole cohort and patients in CTI were significantly associated with worse survival in triple negative. Furthers, HTI was inversely related to estrogen responsive signaling. We demonstrated that immunofunctional phenotype not only indicated the degree of anti-cancer immune dysfunction, but also served as a prognostic biomarker and HTI was inversely related to estrogen response.
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