ArticleCancers2020
Association between Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) Serum Levels, Anorexia and Low Muscle Mass among Cancer Patients.
Article in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Growth differentiation factor 15: from stress response to clinical utility in chronic liver diseases.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Crosstalk in the kidney-muscle axis: myokines and muscle-relevant mediators in chronic kidney disease-associated sarcopenia.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Pleiotropic effects of GDF-15 to regulate nutritional status: perspectives from body composition to nutrition-related disorders.British journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- GDF15 Is Elevated in Eating Disorders and Is Involved in the Gut-Brain Axis via Ghrelin.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2026Article
- Race-based differences in serum biomarkers for cancer-associated cachexia in a diverse cohort of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Sarcopenia and Cachexia in Older Patients with Cancer: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Impact on Outcomes, and Management Strategies.Drugs & aging · 2025Review
- New Horizons with Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in Oncology: From Cancer Cachexia and Tumour Immunity to Novel Therapeutic Strategies.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- The Multifaceted Role of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15): A Narrative Review from Cancer Cachexia to Target Therapy.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Mechanisms and pharmacotherapy of cancer cachexia-associated anorexia.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Review
- Emerging Roles of GDF15 in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Impact of Serum GDF-15 and IL-6 on Immunotherapy Response in Cancer: A Prospective Study.Cancers · 2024Article
- Characterization of a Cancer-Induced Bone Pain Model for Use as a Model of Cancer Cachexia.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- ACVR2B polymorphism, Adiponectin, and GDF-15 levels as biomarkers for cachexia in gastrointestinal cancer.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cancer cachexia: biomarkers and the influence of age.Molecular oncology · 2024Review
- Association between serum levels of GDF-15, suPAR, PIVKA-II, sdLDL and clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.Internal and emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Growth differentiation factor 15 and malnutrition in older adults.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Role and Mechanism of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Review
- Role of growth differentiation factor 15 in cancer cachexia (Review).Oncology letters · 2023Review
- Cancer cachexia: molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2023Review
- Significance of localized expression of full-length growth differentiation factor-15 in cachexia of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pathophysiology of cancer anorexia is complex and serum biomarkers, including growth and differentiation factor(s) (GDF), may be modulated. We explored the association(s) between GDF-15 serum levels and anorexia and, secondarily, with low muscle mass and body weight loss in cancer patients. We considered gastrointestinal and lung cancer patients (CP) and healthy BMI-matched controls. The FAACT-questionnaire was administered to diagnose anorexia and we calculated the L3-SMI by CT scan to assess low muscularity, setting their cutoff values at the lowest tertile. GDF-15 serum levels were assessed by ELISA. We enrolled 59 CP and 30 controls; among CP, 25 were affected by gastrointestinal and 34 by lung cancer. Anorexia was present in 36% of CP. Gastrointestinal CP resulted more anorexic compared to lung CP (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.