SynthesisEcotoxicology and environmental safety2021
An updated systematic review on the association between Cd exposure, blood pressure and hypertension.
Synthesis in Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-essential heavy metal effects in cardiovascular diseases: an overview of systematic reviews.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- The relationship between cadmium exposure and preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- The association between environmental cadmium exposure, blood pressure, and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Pooled it
- Urinary βJournal of xenobiotics · 2025Article
- Selenium and Lead Exposure are Associated with Elevated Blood Pressure in Individuals with Undiagnosed Hypertension: Findings from NHANES 2013-2020.Vascular health and risk management · 2025Article
- Association of blood cadmium levels with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Impact of oxidative stress induced by heavy metals on ovarian function.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2025Review
- Blood Lead Mediates the Relationship between Biological Aging and Hypertension: Based on the NHANES Database.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Metals on the Menu-Analyzing the Presence, Importance, and Consequences.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Preparation of porous biochar from fusarium wilt-infected banana straw for remediation of cadmium pollution in water bodies.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Urinary cadmium was linearly and positively associated with cardiac infarction/injury score and subclinical myocardial injury in the general population without cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease.International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Effect of exposures to multiple metals on blood pressure and hypertension in the elderly: a community-based study.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2024Article
- Heavy metal exposure linked to metabolic syndrome in Korean male firefighters: FRESH cohort cross-sectional analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Estimation of health risks associated with dietary cadmium exposure.Archives of toxicology · 2023Review
- Concentrations of Transition Metal Ions in Rat Lungs after Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Treatment with His-Leu Dipeptide.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Association of multi-metals with the risk of hypertension and the interaction with obesity: A cross-sectional study in China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Association of blood cadmium with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with hypertension.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Development and application of an evidence-based directed acyclic graph to evaluate the associations between metal mixtures and cardiometabolic outcomes.Epidemiologic methods · 2023Article
- Trends in Urinary and Blood Cadmium Levels in U.S. Adults with or without Comorbidities, 1999-2018.Nutrients · 2022Article
- The effect of blood cadmium levels on hypertension in male firefighters in a metropolitan city.Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSince the first report by Perry et al. (1955), most studies affirmed the hypertensive effects of cadmium (Cd) in humans. Nonetheless, conclusions between studies remain inconsistent.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to reevaluate the evidence for a potential relationship between Cd exposure and altered blood pressure and/or hypertension, focusing on studies published between January 2010 and March 2020.
methodsWe reviewed all observational studies from database searches (PubMed and SCOPUS) on Cd exposure and blood pressure or hypertension. We extracted information from studies that provided sufficient data on population characteristics, smoking status, exposure, outcomes, and design.
resultsThirty-eight studies met our inclusion criteria; of those, twenty-nine were cross sectional, three case control, five cohort and one interventional study. Blood or urinary Cd levels were the most commonly used biomarkers.
conclusionsA positive association between blood Cd levels and blood pressure and/or hypertension was identified in numerous studies at different settings. Limited number of representative population-based studies of never-smokers was observed, which may have confounded our conclusions. The association between urinary Cd and blood pressure and/or hypertension remains uncertain due to conflicting results, including inverse relationships with lack of strong mechanistic support. We point to the urgent need for additional longitudinal studies to confirm our findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.