ArticleNeuroImage. Clinical2020
Brain GABA+ changes in primary hypothyroidism patients before and after levothyroxine treatment: A longitudinal magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.
Article in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glioblastoma region-specific metabolic signatures reflect patient survival duration.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Impact of Levothyroxine Treatment for Hypothyroidism on the Risk of Psychiatric Interventions in Children and Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders: A Retrospective Analysis of Data from the TriNetX Platform.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Anxiety in Hypothyroidism: High Prevalence and Significant Treatment Response in a Rural Nepalese Cohort.Cureus · 2025Article
- Hippocampal NLRP1 inflammasome mediates anxiety-like behavior in mice with hypothyroidism.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The immediate alteration of cerebellar Glx/GABA and cerebello-thalamo-cortical connectivity in patients with schizophrenia after cerebellar TMS.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Mapping Thyroid Hormone Action in the Human Brain.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2024Review
- Local Thyroid Hormone Action in Brain Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Purinergic signaling in thyroid disease.Purinergic signalling · 2023Review
- Decreased GABA levels of the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex are associated with executive dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Deficiency of Thyroid Hormone Reduces Voltage-Gated NaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Does Hormone Supplementation With Levothyroxine Improve Hypothyroid Impaired Cognitive Dysfunction?Cureus · 2021Review
- Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIncreasing evidence indicates the involvement of the GABAergic system in the pathophysiology of hypothyroidism. We aimed to investigate longitudinal changes of brain GABA in primary hypothyroidism before and after levothyroxine (L-T4) treatment. MATERIAL AND
methodsIn 18 patients with hypothyroidism, we used the MEGA-PRESS (Mescher-Garwood point-resolved spectroscopy) editing sequence to measure brain GABA levels from medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) at baseline and after 6-months of L-T4 treatment. Sex- and age-matched healthy controls (n = 18) were scanned at baseline. Thyroid function and neuropsychological tests were also performed.
resultsGABA signals were successfully quantified from all participants with fitting errors lower than 15%. GABA signal was labeled as GABA+ due to contamination from co-edited macromoleculars and homocarnosine. In hypothyroid patients, mean GABA+ was significantly lower in the mPFC region compared with controls (p = 0.031), and the mPFC GABA+ measurements were significantly correlated with depressive symptoms and memory function (r = -0.558, p = 0.016; r = 0.522, p = 0.026, respectively). After adequate L-T4 treatment, the mPFC GABA+ in hypothyroid patients increased to normal level, along with relieved neuropsychological impairments.
conclusionThe study suggested the decrease of GABA+ may be an important neurobiological factor in the pathophysiology of hypothyroidism. Treatment of L-T4 may reverse the abnormal GABA+ and hypothyroidism-induced neuropsychiatric impairments, indicating the action mode of L-T4 in adjunctive treatment of affective disorders.
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