Observational studyAnnals of internal medicine2021
Population Mortality and Laws Encouraging Influenza Vaccination for Hospital Workers.
Observational study in Annals of internal medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Promoting public health with blunt instruments: Evidence from vaccine mandates.Labour economics · 2025Article
- Article
- Healthcare professionals' attitudes to mandatory COVID-19 vaccination: Cross-sectional survey data from four European countries.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Public Health Impacts of Vaccines for COVID-19 and Beyond: Opportunities to Overcome Technical and Regulatory Barriers for Randomized Trials.American journal of public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Effectiveness of vaccination mandates in improving uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in the USA.Lancet (London, England) · 2022Review
- Ethical Issues in Kidney Transplant and Donation During COVID-19 Pandemic.Seminars in nephrology · 2022Review
- Influenza vaccination of home health care staff and the impact on patient hospitalizations.American journal of infection control · 2022Article
- Ethical review of COVID-19 vaccination requirements for transplant center staff and patients.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2022Article
- Influenza Vaccination Programs for Healthcare Personnel: Organizational Issues and Beyond.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSince 1995, 14 states have passed laws encouraging or mandating influenza vaccination for hospital workers. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends vaccinating health care workers to reduce disease transmission and patient risk, the effect of these laws on pneumonia and influenza mortality is unknown.
objectiveTo measure the effect of state-level hospital worker influenza vaccination laws on pneumonia and influenza mortality.
designQuasi-experimental observational study.
settingUnited States.
participantsPopulation of all states from 1995 to 2017.
interventionState adoption of a law promoting influenza vaccination for hospital workers. MEASUREMENTS: Pneumonia and influenza mortality per 100 000 persons by state and by month, both population-wide and separately by age group, obtained from restricted-access National Vital Statistics System files. Linear and log-linear models were used to compare changes in mortality rates for adopting versus nonadopting states.
resultsImplementation of state laws requiring hospitals to offer influenza vaccination to their employees was associated with a 2.5% reduction in the monthly pneumonia and influenza mortality rate (-0.16 deaths per 100 000 persons [95% CI, -0.29 to -0.02]; LIMITATION: Utilization of large-scale national data precluded analysis of more specific outcomes, such as laboratory-confirmed or hospital-acquired influenza.
conclusionState laws promoting hospital worker vaccination against influenza may be effective in preventing pneumonia- and influenza-related deaths, particularly among elderly persons. Vaccinating hospital workers may substantially reduce the spread of influenza and protect the most vulnerable populations. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: None.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.