Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33394200›Full record

ReviewMedical oncology (Northwood, London, England)2021

Steps in metastasis: an updated review.

Jamal Majidpoor, Keywan Mortezaee

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 154 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
154citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

154 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Lymphatic Vessel Density or Area Are Not Reliable Prognostic Factors in Oral Cancer.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2026
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  20. Scaffold-Hopping Design and Synthesis of Thieno[3,2-International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article

94 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jamal MajidpoorDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Keywan MortezaeeCancer and Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. Keywan987@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2004-3465

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Metastasis is the most complex and deadly event. Tumor-stromal interface is a place where invasion of tumor cells in the form of single-cell or collective migration occurs, with the latter being less common but more efficient. Initiation of metastasis relies on the tumor cell cross-talking with stromal cells and taking an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in single cells, and a hybrid EMT in collective migratory cells. Stromal cross-talking along with an abnormal leaky vasculature facilitate intravasation of tumor cells, here the cells are called circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Tumor cells isolated from the primary tumor exploit several mechanisms to maintain their survival including rewiring metabolic demands to use sources available within the new environments, avoiding anoikis cell death when cells are detached from extracellular matrix (ECM), adopting flow mechanic by acquiring platelet shielding and immunosuppression by negating the activity of suppressor immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells. CTCs will adhere to the interstituim of the secondary organ/s, within which the newly arrived disseminative tumor cells (DTCs) undergo either dormancy or proliferation. Metastatic outgrowth is under the influence of several factors, such as the activity of macrophages, impaired autophagy and secondary site inflammatory events. Metastasis can be targeted by multiple ways, such as repressing the promoters of pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation, suppressing environmental contributors, such as hypoxia, oxidative and metabolic stressors, and targeting signaling and cell types that take major contribution to the whole process. These strategies can be used in adjuvant with other therapeutics, such as immunotherapy.

Indexed as

AutophagyCell MovementCell SurvivalEnergy MetabolismEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionHumansInflammationMacrophagesMolecular Targeted TherapyNeoplasm MetastasisNeoplastic Cells, CirculatingSignal TransductionTropismTumor EscapeTumor MicroenvironmentCancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)Circulating tumor cell (CTC)C-X-C chemokine (CXC)Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)InvasionMetastasisPlateletSurvivalTransforming growth factor (TGF)Tumor microenvironment (TME)

Identifiers

PMID33394200

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.