Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33393489›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2021

Macrophage-derived netrin-1 drives adrenergic nerve-associated lung fibrosis.

Ruijuan Gao, Xueyan Peng, Carrighan Perry, Huanxing Sun, Aglaia Ntokou, Changwan Ryu, Jose L Gomez, Benjamin C Reeves, Anjali Walia, Naftali Kaminski and 10 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
9.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 112 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. The Role of the Nervous System in Lung Disease.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026
    Review
  4. Inter-Organ Communication in Pulmonary Fibrosis: Systemic Modifiers of a Lung-Centered Disease.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Pulmonary Fibrosis: Monogenic Disorder, Multi-Omics Discovery.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. A Nerve-Fibroblast Axis in Mammalian Lung Fibrosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. The effect of adrenalectomy on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Ruijuan GaoSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Xueyan PengSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Carrighan PerrySection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Huanxing SunSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Aglaia NtokouSection of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Changwan RyuSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Jose L GomezSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Benjamin C ReevesSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Anjali WaliaSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Naftali KaminskiSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Nir NeumarkSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Genta IshikawaSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Katharine E BlackDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and.
Lida P HaririDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and.
Meagan W MooreSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Mridu GulatiSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Robert J HomerSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Daniel M GreifSection of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Holger K EltzschigDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Texas at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
Erica L HerzogSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Yale University · USChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College · CNHarvard University · USPulmonary and Critical Care Associates · USTexas Medical Center · US

Funding

Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9M
Training Translational Lung Biology and PathobiologyT32HL007778 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Erica L Herzog, NAFTALI KAMINSKI · 1994 to 2026
$14.4M
Trangenic Mouse Breeding CoreP01HL114457 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI ZHANG, YUJIN · 2013 to 2017
$10.0M
Novel Immunologic Effects of Semaphorin 7a in IPFR01HL109233 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HERZOG, ERICA L · 2011 to 2019
$3.7M
Systems Biology of a MicroRNA Network in Neutrophilic AsthmaR01HL153604 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GOMEZ-VILLALOBOS, JOSE LUIS · 2020 to 2024
$3.4M
Macrophage driven, profibrotic adrenergic nerve remodeling in SSc-ILDR01HL152677 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HERZOG, ERICA L · 2020 to 2023
$2.4M
microRNA miR-147 Dampens Alveolar Epithelial Inflammation During ARDSR01HL154720 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI ELTZSCHIG, HOLGER K. · 2021 to 2024
$2.2M
Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury.R01DK109574 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI ELTZSCHIG, HOLGER K., JU, CYNTHIA · 2016 to 2019
$1.8M
Targeting MicroRNA miR-122 for the Treatment of Perioperative Liver InjuryR01DK122796 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI ELTZSCHIG, HOLGER K., JU, CYNTHIA · 2020 to 2023
$1.8M
Neuroimmune Molecules in Scleroderma Lung FibrosisR01HL125850 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HERZOG, ERICA L · 2016 to 2019
$1.7M
Proton Pump Inhibitors for Perioperative Acute Kidney InjuryR01DK097075 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI ELTZSCHIG, HOLGER K. · 2013 to 2017
$1.7M
Smooth muscle progenitors in vascular remodelingR01HL133016 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GREIF, DANIEL · 2016 to 2019
$1.7M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863NHLBI NIH HHS K01 HL125474NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL133603NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL151970NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL114457NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL109233NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL119837NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL125815NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL125850NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL133016NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL133900NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL142674NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL152677NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL153604NHLBI NIH HHS R03 HL154275NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007778NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK097075NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK109574NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK122796
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fibrosis is a macrophage-driven process of uncontrolled extracellular matrix accumulation. Neuronal guidance proteins such as netrin-1 promote inflammatory scarring. We found that macrophage-derived netrin-1 stimulates fibrosis through its neuronal guidance functions. In mice, fibrosis due to inhaled bleomycin engendered netrin-1-expressing macrophages and fibroblasts, remodeled adrenergic nerves, and augmented noradrenaline. Cell-specific knockout mice showed that collagen accumulation, fibrotic histology, and nerve-associated endpoints required netrin-1 of macrophage but not fibroblast origin. Adrenergic denervation; haploinsufficiency of netrin-1's receptor, deleted in colorectal carcinoma; and therapeutic α1 adrenoreceptor antagonism improved collagen content and histology. An idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lung microarray data set showed increased netrin-1 expression. IPF lung tissues were enriched for netrin-1+ macrophages and noradrenaline. A longitudinal IPF cohort showed improved survival in patients prescribed α1 adrenoreceptor blockade. This work showed that macrophages stimulate lung fibrosis via netrin-1-driven adrenergic processes and introduced α1 blockers as a potentially new fibrotic therapy.

Indexed as

AnimalsBleomycinFemaleLungMacrophagesMaleMiceMice, TransgenicNetrin-1NorepinephrinePulmonary FibrosisBleomycinNetrin-1NorepinephrineNtn1 protein, mouseFibrosisMacrophagesPulmonology

Identifiers

PMID33393489
PMCPMC7773383
OpenAlexW3119863569

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.