ArticleACR open rheumatology2021
Role of Serum IL-6 in Neuropsychiatric Systemic lupus Erythematosus.
Article in ACR open rheumatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between inflammatory markers in blood and cerebrospinal fluid: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Decoding Neuropsychiatric Lupus: A Systematic Review of Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate and Anti-ribosomal P Antibodies.Cureus · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation: an unfortunate term to describe schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Elevated serum brain injury markers are associated with disease activity, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and cognitive dysfunction in adolescents with childhood-onset SLE.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Association of Elevated Serum S100A8/A9 Levels and Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Arthritis care & research · 2025Article
- Article
- Diffuse neuropsychiatric lupus: Clinical evidence, immune-mediated mechanisms, and therapeutic insights.Seminars in immunology · 2025Review
- Neuropsychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren's disease.Autoimmunity reviews · 2025Review
- Deciphering the transcriptomic landscape of systemic lupus erythematosus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Review
- Elevated serum neurofilament light chain levels in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Scavenger receptors: key players in the immunological puzzle of lupus.Frontiers in lupus · 2025Article
- Cognitive dysfunction in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: current knowledge and future directions.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2024Review
- Constitutive knockout of interleukin-6 ameliorates memory deficits and entorhinal astrocytosis in the MRL/lpr mouse model of neuropsychiatric lupus.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Cognitive dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with disease activity and oxidative stress: a comparative study with rheumatoid arthritis for identifying biomarkers.BMC neuroscience · 2023Article
- Relationship between Disease Characteristics and Circulating Interleukin 6 in a Well-Characterized Cohort of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- A Framework to Overcome Challenges in the Management of Infections in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2023Review
- Serum S100A8/A9 and MMP-9 levels are elevated in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with cognitive impairment.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Interleukin 6: at the interface of human health and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Jak Inhibitors for Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases: Lessons from Systemic Sclerosis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe present study was designed in order to elucidate the roles of serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the pathogenesis in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE).
methodsPaired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained from 101 patients with SLE when they presented active neuropsychiatric manifestations (69 patients with diffuse psychiatric/neuropsychological syndromes [diffuse NPSLE] and 32 patients with neurologic syndromes or peripheral nervous system involvement [focal NPSLE]) and from 22 control patients without SLE with noninflammatory neurological diseases. The levels of albumin and IL-6 in CSF and sera were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
resultsSerum IL-6 and CSF IL-6 were elevated in NPSLE compared with non-SLE controls. Among NPSLE, serum IL-6 and CSF IL-6 were significantly elevated in acute confusional state (ACS) compared with non-ACS diffuse NPSLE (anxiety disorder, cognitive dysfunction, mood disorder, and psychosis) or focal NPSLE. Q albumin (CSF/serum albumin quotient) was also significantly higher in ACS than in the other two groups of NPSLE. Of note, serum IL-6 (r = 0.2801, p = 0.0207), but not CSF IL-6 (r = 0.1602, p = 0.1918), was significantly correlated with Q albumin in patients with diffuse NPSLE, including ACS and non-ACS.
conclusionThese results indicate that serum IL-6 as well as CSF IL-6 is involved in the pathogenesis of NPSLE. Moreover, it is suggested that serum IL-6 might play a most important role in blood-brain barrier breakdown in NPSLE.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.