Trial reportChild's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery2021
Comparison of two- and three-dimensional endoscopic visualization for fetal myelomeningocele repair: a pilot study using a fetoscopic surgical simulator.
Trial report in Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fetal myelomeningocele repair after the MOMS trial: a systematic review of neurosurgical outcomes and evolving techniques.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Pooled it
- Validation of an instrument prototype for the minimally invasive fetal surgery of gastroschisis in an inanimate model.Surgical endoscopy · 2025Article
- 3D vs. 2D simulated fetoscopy for spina bifida repair: a quantitative motion analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Training model for the fetal myelomeningocele correction with multiportal endoscopic technique.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2023Article
- Randomized controlled trials in neurosurgery.Surgical neurology international · 2022Review
- The use of three-dimensional endoscope in transnasal skull base surgery: A single-center experience from China.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of three-dimensional (3D) versus conventional two-dimensional (2D) endoscopy for fetal myelomeningocele repair using a low-fidelity fetoscopic surgical simulator.
methodsA low-fidelity fetoscopic box trainer was developed for surgical simulation of myelomeningocele repair. Participants with varying surgical experience were recruited and completed three essential tasks (cutting skin, dural patch placement, and suturing skin) using both 2D and 3D endoscopic visualization. Participants were randomized to begin all tasks in either 2D or 3D. Time to completion was measured for each task, and each participant subsequently completed the NASA Load Index test and a questionnaire evaluating their experience.
resultsSixteen participants completed the study tasks using both 2D and 3D endoscopes in the simulator. While the mean performance time across all tasks was shorter with 3D versus 2D endoscopy (cutting skin, 47 vs. 54 seconds; dural patch placement, 38 vs. 52 seconds; and suturing skin, 424 vs. 499 seconds), the results did not reach statistical significance. When comparing times to completion of each of the three tasks between levels of expertise, participants in the expert category were faster when suturing skin on the 2D modality (P = 0.047). Under 3D visualization, experts were faster at cutting the skin (P = 0.008). When comparing experiences using the NASA-TLX test, participants felt that their performance was better using 3D over the 2D system (P = 0.045). Overall, 13 of 16 (81.3%) participants preferred 3D over 2D visualization.
conclusionsThree-dimensional endoscopes could potentially be used in the near future for relative improvement in visualization and possibly performance during complex fetoscopic procedures such as prenatal repair of myelomeningocele defects. Further studies utilizing 3D scopes for other related procedures may potentially support clinical implementation of this technology in fetal surgery and also prove to be a useful tool in surgical training.
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