ReviewImmunity & ageing : I & A2021
Obesity and COVID-19: what makes obese host so vulnerable?
Review in Immunity & ageing : I & A, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- COVID-19 infection and its consequences among surgical oncology patients: A systematic analysis, meta-analysis and meta-regression.Journal of surgical oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Comorbidities, Associated Diseases, and Risk Assessment in COVID-19-A Systematic Review.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Pooled it
- Multiphase optimization strategy to establish optimal delivery of nutrition-related services in healthcare settings: A step towards clinical trial.Contemporary clinical trials · 2024Trial
- Modification of subcutaneous white adipose tissue inflammation by omega-3 fatty acids is limited in human obesity-a double blind, randomised clinical trial.EBioMedicine · 2022Trial
- SARS-CoV-2-infected adipocytes drive adipose inflammation and hepatocyte lipid accumulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Role of Galanin system and insulin resistance parameters as predictive tools for diagnosis of Long-COVID patients.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines confer protection in diet-induced obese mice despite altered immune cell profiles in the lung.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effect of obesity on the acute response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and development of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) in nonhuman primates.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The Impact of Diet Quality on COVID-19 Severity and Outcomes-A Scoping Review.Current nutrition reports · 2025Article
- Associations between type III interferons, obesity and clinical severity of COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Impact of Obesity-Associated SARS-CoV-2 Mutations on COVID-19 Severity and Clinical Outcomes.Viruses · 2024Article
- Body Mass Index and Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Young Adults.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Safety and feasibility of third-party cytotoxic T lymphocytes for high-risk patients with COVID-19.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Increased levels of circulating cell-free DNA in COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Motor and Respiratory Tele-Rehabilitation in Patients with Long COVID-19 after Hospital Discharge: An Interventional Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Machine Learning-Based Web Tool for the Severity Prediction of COVID-19.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2024Article
- An Experience in Laboratory Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in COVID -19 Patients.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- Association Between Adherence to 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Noncommunicable Disease Risk in Chinese Adults: Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Risk of death due to COVID-19 among current and former smokers in the Netherlands: a population-based quasi-cohort study.International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Anti-Obesity Effect of Combining White Kidney Bean Extract, Propolis Ethanolic Extract and CrPiNutrients · 2024Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The disease (COVID-19) novel coronavirus pandemic has so far infected millions resulting in the death of over a million people as of Oct 2020. More than 90% of those infected with COVID-19 show mild or no symptoms but the rest of the infected cases show severe symptoms resulting in significant mortality. Age has emerged as a major factor to predict the severity of the disease and mortality rates are significantly higher in elderly patients. Besides, patients with underlying conditions like Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and cancer have an increased risk of severe disease and death due to COVID-19 infection. Obesity has emerged as a novel risk factor for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19. Several independent studies have observed that people with obesity are at a greater risk of severe disease and death due to COVID-19. Here we review the published data related to obesity and overweight to assess the possible risk and outcome in Covid-19 patients based on their body weight. Besides, we explore how the obese host provides a unique microenvironment for disease pathogenesis, resulting in increased severity of the disease and poor outcome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.