ArticleAIDS and behavior2021
A Scoping Review of HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Stigma and Implications for Stigma-Reduction Interventions for Men and Transwomen Who Have Sex with Men.
Article in AIDS and behavior, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT07560046 (Combating Related Epidemics in HCV Through Simplified Testing and Treatment. A Cluster Randomized Trial of Point-of-care Hepatitis C Testing and Treatment Among Key Populations), which is not on this map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Combating Related Epidemics in HCV Through Simplified Testing and Treatment. A Cluster Randomized Trial of Point-of-care Hepatitis C Testing and Treatment Among Key Populations
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identifying Effective Strategies for Improving Engagement in HIV Prevention and Care Among Transgender Persons in the United States: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Mental Health Stigma Reduction Interventions Among Men: A Systematic Review.American journal of men's healthPooled it
- Implementation of Health Insurance Navigation for Racial/Ethnic Minority Men Who Have Sex With Men Presenting for Community-Based HIV Testing.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Trial
- Randomized Clinical Trial of Stigma Counseling and HIV Testing Access Interventions to Increase HIV Testing Among Black Sexual Minority Men and Transwomen.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2024Trial
- Designing Pleasure-Centered, Culturally Relevant PrEP Messaging for Black Gay, Bisexual, Queer, Same-Gender-Loving, and Other Men Who have Sex with Men (SGL/MSM) in New York City.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Extreme Community PrEP Stigma Perceptions as a Potential Deterrent to PrEP Use Among Black and Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men in the Deep South.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Let Them Talk: Coping with PrEP-Related Stigma and Sustaining PrEP Persistence Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Tanga, Tanzania.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Formative Evaluation of an HIV Prevention App tailored for Latino Men Who Have Sex With Men: Acceptability and Usability Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- A critical exploration of stigma interventions and programs for queer peoples across the life course in Canada: a scoping review protocol.Systematic reviews · 2025Article
- Discrimination and misconceptions about human immunodeficiency virus among gay and bisexual men.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025Article
- Formative evaluation of the acceptance of HIV prevention Artificial Intelligence chatbots by Black gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in the Southern United States: Focus group study.PLOS digital health · 2025Article
- Predicting PrEP acceptability and self-efficacy among men who have sex with men in the UK: The roles of identity resilience, science mistrust, and stigma.HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Activity Space Mapping and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Sexual Minority Men in Small Cities and Towns in the United States.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Exploring Willingness to Use Long-Acting Injectable PrEP Among Sexual and Gender Minoritized People Accessing Pharmacies.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2025Article
- Barriers to PrEP use and adherence among adolescent girls and young women in Eastern, Southern, and Western Africa: a scoping review.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Exploring Effects of Race and Differential Item Functioning on PrEP Stigma Experiences: Implications for Latent Stigma Measurement in Racially and Sexually Diverse Populations.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Preferences for Starting Daily, On-Demand, and Long-Acting Injectable HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States (2021-2022): Nationwide Online Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Article
- The Use of a Spanish-Translated PrEP Stigma Scale among the Latino Sample of the UNITE Cohort Study.Stigma and health · 2024Article
- Barriers and facilitators to uptake and persistence on prep among key populations in Southern Province, Zambia: a thematic analysis.BMC public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV remains a public health concern in the United States. Although pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can be expected to reduce HIV incidence, its uptake, adherence, and persistence remain limited, particularly among highest priority groups such as men who have sex with men and transwomen (MSMTW). Using a socioecological framework, we conducted a scoping review to examine PrEP-related stigma to inform future research, policy, and programmatic planning. Using the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews, we conducted database searches from August 2018 to April 2020 for articles addressing PrEP stigma. Studies were independently screened and coded by three authors, resulting in thematic categorization of several types of PrEP stigma on four socioecological levels. Of 557 references, a final sample of 23 studies was coded, 61% qualitative, and 87% focusing exclusively on MSMTW. Most instances of PrEP-related stigma occurred on the interpersonal level and included associations of PrEP with risk promotion, HIV-related stigma, and promiscuity. Other frequent themes across socioecological levels included provider distrust and discrimination, government and pharmaceutical industry distrust, internalized homonegativity, PrEP efficacy distrust, and anticipated homonegativity. Notably, PrEP was also framed positively as having physical and psychological benefits, and assuming responsibility for protecting one's community via PrEP awareness-raising. PrEP-related stigma persists, demanding interventions to modify its impact. Leveraging PrEP-positive discourses to challenge PrEP stigma is an emerging avenue, alongside efforts to increase provider willingness to promote PrEP routinely by reducing provider bias, aligning with the national strategy to End the HIV Epidemic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.